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The suffix -''stan'' ( ''-'') is Persian for "place of"〔 or "country".〔 It appears in the names of many regions, especially in Central and South Asia, but also in the Caucasus and Russia; areas where significant amounts of Persian culture were spread or adopted. The suffix is also used more generally, as in Persian and Urdu ''rigestân'' () "place of sand, desert", ''Pakistan'' "land of the pure", ''Hindustan'' "land of the Hindus", ''golestan'' () "place of flowers, garden", etc. == Etymology and cognates == The suffix, originally an independent noun, but evolving into a suffix by virtue of appearing frequently as the last part in nominal compounds, is of Indo-Iranian and ultimately Indo-European origin: It is cognate with Sanskrit ''sthā́na'' (Devanagari: (:st̪ʰaːna)), meaning "the act of standing", from which many further meanings derive, including "place, location", and ultimately descends from Proto-Indo-Iranian *''sthāna-''. The Proto-Indo-European root from which this noun is derived is *''steh₂-'' (older reconstruction *''stā-'') "to stand" (or "to stand up, to step (somewhere), to position (oneself)"), which is also the source of English ''to stand'', Latin ''ラテン語:stāre'', and Ancient Greek ' (), all meaning "to stand" and Russian (''stan'', meaning "settlement" or "semi-permanent camp"). In Polish and Ukrainian, ' means "state" or "condition", while in Serbo-Croatian it translates as "apartment" in its modern usage, while its original meaning was "habitat". In Czech and Slovak, it means "tent" or, in military terms, "headquarters". Also in Germanic languages, the root can be found in ''Stand'' ("place, location"), and in ''Stadt'' (German), ''stad''/''sted'' (Dutch/Scandinavian), ''stêd'' (West Frisian) and ''stead'' (English), all meaning either "place" or "city". The suffix ''-stan'' is analogous to the suffix ''-land'', present in many country and location names. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「-stan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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