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Tar (computing)
In computing, tar is a computer software utility for collecting many files into one archive file, often referred to as a tarball, for distribution or backup purposes. The name is derived from ''tape archive'', as it was originally developed to write data to sequential I/O devices. The archive data sets created by tar contain various file system parameters, such as time stamps, ownership, file access permissions, and directory organization. The file structure to store this information was later standardized in POSIX.1-1988〔''IEEE Std 1003.1-1988, IEEE Standard for Information Technology - Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX)''〕 and later POSIX.1-2001.〔IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, ''IEEE Standard for Information Technology - Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX)''〕 and became a format supported by most modern file archiving systems.
==Rationale==
Many historic tape drives read and write variable-length data blocks, leaving significant wasted space on the tape between blocks (for the tape to physically start and stop moving). Some tape drives (and raw disks) only support fixed-length data blocks. Also, when writing to any medium such as a filesystem or network, it takes less time to write one large block than many small blocks. Therefore, the tar command writes data in blocks of many 512 byte records. The user can specify a blocking factor, which is the number of records per block; the default is 20, producing 10 kilobyte blocks (which was large when UNIX was created, but now seems rather small).〔("Blocking'" ) ''ftp.gnu.org''. Retrieved 28 November 2013.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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