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The 2010 Palestinian militancy campaign was a coordinated effort by 13 Palestinian militant groups, led by Islamist group Hamas, to derail peace talks between Israel and the Palestinian Authority. The campaign consists of attacks against Israel in which, according to a Hamas declaration in early September, "all options are open".〔("Islamist groups attempt to derail Middle East talks," ) Mark Weiss, September 4, 2010, Irish Times.〕〔("Hamas targets Israeli-Palestinian talks by killing four Israelis; Hamas took responsibility for the fatal shooting of four Israeli settlers outside Hebron today, on the eve of Israeli-Palestinian talks in Washington," ) Joshua Mitnick, August 31, 2010, Christian Science Monitor.〕〔("Hamas to launch 'more effective attacks' on Israel," ) September 3, 2010, Jerusalem Post.〕〔("The Shadow of Hamas," ) Staff Editorial, September 8, 2010, Washington Post.〕 The participating groups also include Palestinian Islamic Jihad, the Popular Resistance Committees and an unnamed splinter group of Fatah.〔(Gaza militants vow wave of attacks against Israel ), Reuters 02-09-2010〕 Some Israeli and Palestinian officials and analysts familiar with Hamas believe that the true target of the campaign is the Palestinian Authority, which is led by Mahmoud Abbas of Fatah.〔("Hamas Threats Suggest Palestinian Divisions," ) Charles Levinson, September 3, 2010, Wall Street Journal.〕 ==Hamas statements and responses== Hamas leader Mahmoud al-Zahar was reported by ''CBS News'' as saying that Muslims have a moral and religious duty to liberate the land between the Mediterranean and the Jordan River, and that armed resistance is the way to achieve this.〔 Al-Zahar has urged Mahmoud Abbas to immediately pull out of peace talks with Israel, asserting that "armed struggle was the only way to deal with the Jewish state."〔(" Arafat ordered Hamas attacks against Israel in 2000," ) Khaled Abu Toameh, September 29, 2010, Jerusalem Post.〕 Hamas leader Hamas military leader Abu Ubaida told the Washington Post in September that the Hamas military wing is operating "in harmony with the attitude of the political wing," based in Damascus, Syria.〔 Abu Ubaida, who is a spokesman for the military wing of Hamas, further said that resistance will be stepped up and that all options were open. “We declare that the actions of resistance have gone into a new and advanced stage of co-operation in the field at the highest levels in preparation for more effective attacks against the enemy.”〔 According to the Palestinian Authority and Israeli security officials, Hamas has the capacity to carry out more attacks in the West Bank, particularly drive-by shootings since these require little planning or manpower, but probably lacks the ability to carry out attacks on Israel inside the Green Line due to surveillance activities and the effectiveness of the Israeli West Bank barrier.〔("Hamas attacks show group is still strong in West Bank," ) Janine Zacharia, September 3, 2010, Washington Post.〕 Khaled Mashaal has said the "resistance" will continue if Israel doesn't withdraw to the 1967 borders and that Hamas will resume to "kill illegal settlers on our land."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mashaal: We'll continue 'to kill illegal settlers' )〕 According to Jonathan Fighel, a senior researcher at the International Institute for Counter-Terrorism, the campaign constitutes a decision by Hamas to begin a new wave of terrorism aimed at Israeli settlers. "It's a strategic, political decision from the Hamas leadership in Damascus to express their dismay and rejection of the peace talks taking place in Washington... They are showing they have operational capabilities and a willingness to act in Judea and Samaria," he said.〔("Hamas Ratchets Up Attacks Amid Peace Talks," ) Tzippe Barrow, September 2, 2010, Christian Broadcasting Network.〕 According to the Israeli news site Debka.com, in late September Hamas was preparing to expand its "terror campaign."〔("More terror looms as direct talks collapse - one up for Hamas, Hizballah," ) September 26, 2010, Debka.com.〕 The Palestinian news agency paltimes.net praised the attacks and linked them to the negotiations: "There, in Washington, Abbas is rewarding the occupation by improving its image through futile negotiations, while in Hebron the Al-Qassam Brigades, despite Abbas's whining and attacks on the resistance, agreed to nothing but vengeance for the blood of the shahids. Today, heads and body parts are scattered in all directions. Today, the Al-Qassam Brigades negotiate with their enemies by means of rifles and blood...〔paltimes, September 1, 2010. As translated by ( MEMRI, The Palestinian-Israeli Negotiations – A Current Overview ).〕 The attacks caused embarrassment to the Palestinian Authority, and the attacks in Hebron and Ramallah were condemned by Mahmoud Abbas.〔 maan news, September 2, 2010, as cited in (MEMRI, The Palestinian-Israeli Negotiations – A Current Overview ).〕 The Palestinian Authority minister Mahmoud Habbash accused Iran of responsibility for the Hamas attacks in attempts to derail the peace talks, and insinuated that Hamas leader Haled Mash'al was guilty of heresy.〔(MEMRI Special Dispatch No.3221 ), PA Minister of Religious Endowments Mahmoud Habbash Accuses Iran of Responsibility for Hamas Terror Attacks, and Insinuates that Hamas Leader Mash'al is Guilty of Heresy〕 In an interview on October 2010, the Palestinian reformist Zainab Rashid criticized Syria and Iran, which she says deliberately attempted to derail the peace process in order to divert attention from their own domestic problems and suppress initiatives of democratization. She said, "The most convincing proof is the attempts of these regimes to make deceitful and callous use of the Palestinian cause and to manipulating Palestinian elements in order to spark disputes. They miss no opportunity to sabotage peace efforts, as we saw at the outset of the latest round of Palestinian-Israeli negotiations, when Hamas received a directive from the Syrian and Iranian regimes which control it to carry out two attacks in the West Bank, shortly before the first session of peace talks, with the intent of undermining the negotiations. This is what all the dictatorships have done throughout the history of this struggle in order to prevent its resolution.〔(Palestinian Reformist: The Islamization of the Palestinian Cause is an Obstacle to Its Resolution ). October 26, 2010. Translation by MEMRI.〕 ==Shooting attacks== ===June 14=== In a drive-by shooting attack near Hebron West bank on 14 June, Israeli police officer Yehoshua Sofer was killed and three others were wounded.〔(Al-Aqsa Brigade claims attack ), Jerusalem Post 14-06-2010〕〔(Three Israeli policemen shot in West Bank, one dead ), CNN 14-06-2010〕〔( “Four Israeli Civilians Shot Dead in Terror Attack Near Hebron,” ) 31 August 2010, IDF News.〕〔〔("Palestinian Gunmen Kill Israeli Policeman," ) June 14, 2010, Emunah.〕 Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades, an armed wing of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas's Fatah party, claimed responsibility for the attack, stating that it was a response to the recent Gaza flotilla raid.〔 In July 2010, following a joint operation by the IDF, Shin Bet, and Israel Police, a Palestinian man, Baha Eladam, was identified as the shooter and arrested, and other Palestinians were arrested as accomplices. Eladam and three other Palestinians convicted of participated in the attack were sentenced to life in prison, while another Palestinian received a 25-year sentence for assisting the attack.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Hamas men nabbed in fatal June attack )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Life in prison for 3 Palestinians for 2010 murder )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「2010 Palestinian militancy campaign」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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