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Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, usually in a leading truck, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and no trailing wheels. In North America and in some other countries the type was known as either the Mastodon or the Twelve-wheeler. Other equivalent classifications are: * UIC classification: 2′D (also known as German and Italian classifications) * French classification: 240 * Turkish classification: 46 * Swiss classification: 4/6 * Russian classification: 2-4-0 ==Overview== The very first locomotive is believed to have been the "Centipede", a tender locomotive built by Ross Winans in 1855 for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in the United States of America (USA), where it remained in service for nearly twenty years. It appears to have been delivered in a cab-forward type of configuration that was modified to a Camel configuration in 1864.〔Carling, D. Rock (1972). ''4-8-0 Tender Locomotives''. Drake Publishers Inc. ISBN 978-0-87749-150-7〕 On a Camel locomotive the cab was mounted atop the boiler, unlike the later Camelback locomotive whose cab straddled the boiler and that first appeared around 1877.〔Camelback locomotive – Development〕 The name Mastodon for the wheel arrangement was derived from the unofficial name of the first locomotive of the Central Pacific Railroad in the USA, the wood-fired CPR no. 229, which was designed and built in 1882 by the railroad's master mechanic, Andrew Jackson (A.J.) Stevens, at the railroad’s Sacramento works in California.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「4-8-0」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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