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4CAPS (Cortical Capacity-Constrained Concurrent Activation-based Production System) is a cognitive architecture developed by Marcel A. Just and Sashank Varma at Carnegie Mellon University.〔Just, M. A., & Varma, S. (2007). The organization of thinking: What functional brain imaging reveals about the neuroarchitecture of complex cognition. ''Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience'', ''7(3)'', 153-191.〕 It is the successor of the CAPS〔Thibadeau, R., Just, M. A., & Carpenter, P. A. (1982). A model of the time course and content of reading. ''Cognitive Science'', ''6'', 157-203.〕 and 3CAPS 〔Just, M. A., & Carpenter, P. A. (1992). A capacity theory of comprehension: Individual differences in working memory. ''Psychological Review'', '99'', 122-149〕〔Just, M. A., & Varma, S. (2002). A hybrid architecture for working memory: Reply to MacDonald and Christiansen (2002). ''Psychological Review'', ''109'', 55-65.〕 cognitive architectures. ==Overview and Assumptions== In 4CAPS computations are distributed and dynamically balanced among independent processing centers. Like in other cognitive architectures (e.g., ACT-R), these processing centers have been identified with corresponding cortical regions in the human brain. Performing specific task, such as reading or driving, requires the simultaneous contribution of many of such regions. Notably, 4CAPS differs from other architectures for its stress on the capacity constraints (that is, limited computational power), and the dynamic collaboration between different centers. In particular, according to Just and Varma,〔 4CAPS is based on four characteristic assumptions: # Each cortical area can perform multiple cognitive functions # Each cortical area has a limited capacity of computational resources # The cortical network of regions that is responsible for carrying out a particular task changes dynamically as the regions' capacity resources are saturated. # Communications between cortical regions is also subject to specific constraints, similar to bandwidth limitations along information channels. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「4CAPS」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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