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4Q510-511
4Q510-511, also given the title ''Songs of the Sage'' or ''Songs of the Maskil'' (שירי משכיל "instructor"),〔''Qumran prayer and religious poetry'' B Nitzan - 1994 "... Page 21. PREFACE xv ways. From among these, I chose the term "Instructor", except in the case of the title of 4Q510-511, where I retained the Hebrew term: ie, Songs of the Maskil."〕 is a fragmentary Hebrew-language manuscript of a Jewish magical text of incantation and exorcism in the Dead Sea Scrolls,〔''Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah 10'' Brill, The Magnes Press Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi, Leiden/Jerusalem/Jerusalem 1992. Pp. viii+ 370. "... The adjacent articles by B. Nitzan and E. Puech are complementary studies of magical texts of incantation and exorcism, 4Q510-511 and HQPsApa iv 4 - v 14."〕 specifically for protection against a list of demons.〔''Hymns and prayers in the Dead Sea Scrolls'' EG Chazon - The Dead Sea Scrolls After Fifty Years "... The corpus was now seen to encompass prayers of different types that served different functions, from matrimonial celebration (4Q502) and blessings during ritual purification (4Q512), to protection against demons (4Q510-511) and an experience of the heavenly realm ..."〕 It is notable for containing the first clear usage of the Hebrew (or Aramaic) term lilith in relation to a supernatural creature. It is comparable to Aramaic incantation 4Q560 and also 11Q11.〔''Magic in the Dead Sea Scrolls'' F.G. Martinez ''The Metamorphosis of Magic from Late Antiquity'' 2002 "... These magic and magical texts concern two areas: exorcism, healing and protection against demons (4Q510-511, 4Q560 and 11Q11), and divina ... of the bastards']), besides other more common designations for demons, such as ravaging angels, demons, Lilith, owls, jackals ...〕〔''By the Power of Beelzebub: An Aramaic Incantation Formula from Qumran'' (4Q560) D.L. Penney… - Journal of Biblical Literature, 1994 - JSTOR〕〔M. Baillet, "Cantiques du Sage" () DJD 7〕
== Physical State of the Scrolls ==
There are two versions of Songs of the Sage, traditionally titled Songs of the Sagea (4Q510) and Songs of the Sageb (4Q511). The text is highly fragmentary, with portions of only eleven out of twenty-one columns extant. There are seven extant fragments of Songs of the Sagea and 215 of Songs of the Sageb. There is some disagreement about how these fragments should be ordered.〔See H. Stegemann, "Methods for the Reconstruction of Scrolls from Scattered Fragments," in ''Archaeology and History in the Dead Sea Scrolls'', ed. L. H. Schiffman (Sheffield, 1990), pp. 188-220.〕
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