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4QMMT (or MMT), also known as the Halakhic Letter or the Sectarian Manifesto, is one of the Dead Sea Scrolls that were discovered at Qumran in Judean Samaria. The manuscript is mainly concerned with the issue of the purity of liquid streams, a matter of great debate between the Pharisees and the Sadducees in later rabbinic texts. 4QMMT was found in Cave 4 at Qumran on six fragmented manuscripts (4Q394, 4Q395, 4Q396, 4Q397, 4Q398, 4Q399). These manuscripts were found between the years 1953 and 1959, and today they are held at the Rockefeller Museum in Jerusalem. Beginning in 1959, John Strugnell worked alone on 4QMMT. In 1979, he recruited Hebrew scholar Elisha Qimron to join his team, to assist in completing the effort.〔(Codex Resources for Biblical Studies )〕 Provisionally designated "4QMishn" (Mishnah), it was later renamed as "4QMMT" (Miqsat Ma’ase ha-Torah or ''Some Precepts of the Law'') by Qimron, who, with Strugnell, edited the manuscript. Strugnell and Qimron have dated the writing on the fragments to a period between the late Hasmonean and Middle Herodian eras, which places them between the early 1st century BCE and the early 1st century CE. The editors believe that at that time the fragments now comprising 4QMMT were copied from six individual manuscripts into one.〔(Overview of 4QMMT )〕 == Content == In 1984 at the Biblical archaeology Conference in Jerusalem, Qimron stated that 4QMMT represented copies of a letter written by Qumran's 'Teacher of Righteousness' and his colleagues to his rival, the 'Wicked Priest' and his supporters. The purpose of the letter was to spell out the differences between the two parties and to summon their opponents to an amendment of life. 4QMMT commences with a detailed, 364 day solar calendar. In the sequel the author presents twenty-two points of law on which the two groups differ. These points oppose rabbinic or Pharisaic views and coincide with Essene, and in some cases, Sadducean positions. This led some scholars to the conclusion that the community at Qumran had withdrawn from Jerusalem in around 150 BCE following major disagreements between themselves and the Jewish authorities concerning Biblical interpretation and religious practices. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「4QMMT」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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