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5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B also known as the 5-HT1B receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HTR1B'' gene. The 5-HT1B receptor is a 5-HT receptor subtype.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3351 )〕 ==Tissue distribution and function== 5-HT1B receptors are widely distributed throughout the CNS with the highest concentrations found in the frontal cortex, basal ganglia, striatum, and the hippocampus.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=HTR1B )〕 The function of the 5-HT1B receptor differs depending upon its location. In the frontal cortex, it is believed to act as a postsynaptic receptor inhibiting the release of dopamine. In the basal ganglia and the striatum, evidence suggests 5-HT signaling acts on an autoreceptor, inhibiting the release of serotonin and decreasing glutamatergic transmission by reducing miniature excitatory postsynaptic potential (mEPSP) frequency, respectively. In the hippocampus, a recent study has demonstrated that activation of postsynaptic 5-HT1B heteroreceptors produces a facilitation in excitatory synaptic transmission which is altered in depression. When the expression of 5-HT1B in human cortex was traced throughout life, significant changes during adolescence were observed, in a way that is strongly correlated with the expression of 5-HT1E. Outside the brain, 5-HT1B receptor activation also has vascular effects, such as pulmonary vasoconstriction. Furthermore, blocking 5-HT1B receptor signaling decreases the number of osteoblasts, bone mass, and the bone formation rate. Knockout mice lacking the 5-HT1B gene have shown an increase in aggression and a higher preference for alcohol. Under basal conditions, knockout mice present with a "normal" phenotype and exhibit a sucrose preference (lack of sucrose preference is considered a measure of anhedonia). However, after undergoing chronic unpredictable stress treatment to induce a "depression-like" phenotype these animals do not benefit from administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「5-HT1B receptor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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