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67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (abbreviated as 67P or 67P/C-G, and written in Cyrillic as комета Чурюмова — Герасименко) is a comet, originally from the Kuiper belt,〔 with a current orbital period of 6.45 years,〔 a rotation period of approximately 12.4 hours〔 and a maximum velocity of .〔 Churyumov–Gerasimenko is approximately at its longest and widest dimensions.〔 It was first observed on photographic plates in 1969 by Soviet astronomers Klim Ivanovych Churyumov and Svetlana Ivanovna Gerasimenko, after whom it is named. It came to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) on 13 August 2015.〔〔〔〔
Churyumov–Gerasimenko was the destination of the European Space Agency's ''Rosetta'' mission, launched on 2 March 2004.〔〔〔 ''Rosetta'' rendezvoused with Churyumov–Gerasimenko on 6 August 2014〔〔 and entered orbit on 10 September 2014.〔 ''Rosetta'' lander, ''Philae'', touched down on its surface on 12 November 2014, becoming the first spacecraft to land on a comet nucleus.〔〔〔
== Discovery ==
Churyumov–Gerasimenko was discovered in 1969 by Klim Ivanovych Churyumov of the Kiev University's Astronomical Observatory,〔 who examined a photograph that had been exposed for comet Comas Solà by Svetlana Ivanovna Gerasimenko on 11 September 1969 at the Alma-Ata Astrophysical Institute, near Alma-Ata (now Almaty), the then-capital city of Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union. Churyumov found a cometary object near the edge of the plate, but assumed that this was comet Comas Solà.〔
After returning to his home institute in Kiev, Churyumov examined all the photographic plates more closely. On 22 October, about a month after the photograph was taken, he discovered that the object could not be Comas Solà, because it was about 1.8 degrees off the expected position. Further scrutiny produced a faint image of Comas Solà at its expected position on the plate, thus proving that the other object was a different comet.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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