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8-4
8-4, Ltd. is an independent video game localization company based in Shibuya, Tokyo. The company was founded in 2005 by Hiroko Minamoto and former EGM editor John Ricciardi. They were joined by Ricciardi's EGM colleague Mark MacDonald in 2008. It performs Japanese-to-English translation on a contract basis with credits including ''Monster Hunter Tri'', ''Nier'' and ''Shadows of the Damned''. The company is named after the final level of ''Super Mario Bros.''
==Translation==
8-4 generally gets involved in the localization process midway through a game's development, gaining access to a build of the game and script. Occasionally, they are invited to participate throughout the development cycle, as with the case of ''Shadows of the Damned''.〔 As publishers increasingly push for simultaneous worldwide release, they have noted earlier and earlier involvement in projects.〔 In the first step of the process, they familiarize themselves with the game and others in its series by playing through them multiple times and taking notes.〔〔 To perform the actual translation, they use large Microsoft Excel spreadsheets containing the script in both Japanese and English.〔 In addition to word translation, they suggest changes to make the game more accessible to Western audiences. For example, in ''Glory of Heracles'', they recommended that the battle speed be tripled in order to make fighting more exciting.
The team cites Richard Honeywood, founder of Square's localization department, as an influence on their translation style. Beyond merely translating the words, 8-4 attempts to convey the same experience as that of the original language version through attention to tone, user interface, and cultural references.〔 Because of their text-heavy nature, most of 8-4's contracts are for role-playing video games such as ''Eternal Sonata'', ''Tales of Vesperia'', and ''Star Ocean: The Last Hope'', which are beyond the capabilities of in-house translation teams. In translating ''Dragon Quest VI: Realms of Revelation'', they inherited Honeywood's ''Dragon Quest'' style guide to aid them in keeping consistency between games.〔 Speaking of their favorite projects, they look to games like ''Baten Kaitos Origins'' where the developers allowed them to take over every aspect of localization including script, debugging, quality assurance, and voice production.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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