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A polo handicap is a system created by Henry Lloyd Herbert, the first president of the United States Polo Association, at the founding of the USPA in 1890 so teams could be more evenly matched when using players with varying abilities. The players are rated on a scale from minus-2 to 10. Minus-2 indicates a novice player, while a player rated at 10 goals has the highest handicap possible. It is so difficult to attain a 10-goal handicap that there are fewer than two dozen in the world, and about two-thirds of all players handicapped are rated at two goals or less. All living ten-goalers are Argentine, with the exception of David Stirling who was born in Uruguay - although he plays in Argentina, too. Handicaps of five goals and above generally belong to professional players. It is not (nor has it ever been) an estimate of the number of goals a player might score in a game, but rather of the player's worth to his or her team. It is the overall rating of a player's horsemanship, team play, knowledge of the game, strategy and horses. At one time, polo was the only sport in the world that considered sportsmanship when rating a player.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Polo 101 )〕 In matches played by "handicapped" players (as opposed to open competition, where handicaps are not considered), the handicaps of all four players are totaled. If the total handicap of a team is more than that of the team against which they are playing, the difference is added to the scoreboard. For example, if the "Mounties" polo team has a total handicap of six goals and the "Tayto" team has a handicap of four goals, Tayto would begin the match with a two-goal advantage.〔 ==Ten-goal players== * Rodolphe Louis Agassiz (1871-1933) USA〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Polo in the United States )〕 * Mariano Aguerre (born 1969) - Argentina / USA 〔 * Miguel Novillo Astrada - Argentina〔 * Adolfo Cambiaso (born 1975) - Argentina〔 *Bartolomé Castagnola (born 1970) - Argentina 〔(Polo Players Handicap ), ''Federation of International Polo''. Retrieved February 27, 2012〕 * Carlos Gracida (1960-2014) - México * Alfredo Harriott * Alberto Pedro Heguy * Bautista Heguy - Argentina / England〔 * Ignacio Heguy - Argentina〔 * Marcos Heguy - Argentina〔 * Lewis Lawrence Lacey (1887-1966) - Argentina. * Pablo Mac Donough (born 1982) - Argentina / Spain / USA〔 * Augusto Mántaras (born 1997) - Argentina * Agustin Merlos - Argentina / Spain / USA〔 * Lucas Monteverde (born 1976) - Argentina〔 * Juan Martin Nero - Argentina / Spain〔 * Francisco Felix Penna * Facundo Pieres (born 1986) - Argentina / USA〔 * Gonzalo Pieres, Jr. (born 1982) - Argentina / France〔 * Aidan Roark (1905-1984) - Ireland * David Stirling (born 1981) - Uruguay 〔() Retrieved October 29, 2014〕 * Louis Ezekiel Stoddard (1881-1951) - USA * John Arthur Edward Traill (1882-1958) - Argentina / Ireland ==Nine-goal players== * Eduardo Novillo Astrada - Argentina * Ignacio Novillo Astrada - Argentina * Javier Novillo Astrada - Argentina * Michael Azzaro - USA * Major Sardar Joginder Singh Baidwan (1904-1940) - In 1921 became a +10 handicap player from the Patiala Tiger team, India. One of the only 2 +10 handicap players India has ever produced. * Bartolome Castagnola (born 1970) - Argentina * Santiago Chavanne - Argentina * Lucas Criado - Argentina * Francisco DeNarvaez - Argentina * Alejandro Diaz-Alberdi - Argentina * Gabriel Donoso (1960-2006) - Chile * Alberto Heguy - Argentina * Eduardo Heguy - Argentina * Matias MacDonough - Argentina * Maharaj Sawai Mansingh - India * Juan Alberto Merlos (1945) - Argentina * Juan I. Merlos - Argentina * Sebastian Merlos - Argentina * Lucas Monteverde (born 1976) - Argentina * Juan Martin Nero - Argentina * Gonzalo Pieres (born 1982) - Argentina 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Polo handicap」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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