|
A diving cylinder, scuba tank or diving tank is a gas cylinder used to store and transport high pressure breathing gas as a component of a scuba set. It provides gas to the diver through the demand valve of a diving regulator or the breathing loop of a diving rebreather. Diving cylinders are usually manufactured from aluminium or steel alloys, and typically have an internal volume of between and a maximum pressure rating from . The internal cylinder volume is also expressed as "water capacity" - the volume of water which could be contained by the cylinder. When pressurised, a cylinder carries a volume of gas greater than its water capacity because gas is compressible. of gas at atmospheric pressure is compressed into a 3-litre cylinder when it is filled to 200 bar. Cylinders also come in smaller sizes, such as 0.2, 1.5 and 2 litres, however these are not generally used for breathing, instead being used for purposes such as surface marker buoy, drysuit and buoyancy compensator inflation. Divers use gas cylinders above water for storage of oxygen for first aid treatment of diving disorders and as part of storage "banks" for diving air compressor stations, gas blending and surface supplied breathing gas. Similar cylinders are also used for many purposes not connected to diving. For these applications they are not diving cylinders. Breathing gas storage cylinders mounted externally on diving bells or diver submersibles operate under similar conditions to scuba cylinders and may also be considered diving cylinders. ==Terminology== The term "diving cylinder" tends to be used by gas equipment engineers, manufacturers, support professionals, and divers speaking British English. "Scuba tank" or "diving tank" is more often used colloquially by non-professionals and native speakers of American English. The term "oxygen tank" is commonly used by non-divers when referring to diving cylinders; however, this is a misnomer. These cylinders typically contain (atmospheric) breathing air, or an oxygen-enriched air mix. They rarely contain pure oxygen, except when used for rebreather diving, shallow decompression stops in technical diving or for in-water oxygen recompression therapy. Breathing pure oxygen at depths greater than , equivalent to a partial pressure of oxygen of , can result in oxygen toxicity, a highly dangerous condition that can trigger seizures and thus lead to drowning. Diving cylinders have also been referred to as bottles or flasks, usually with one of the epithets scuba, diving, or bailout. Cylinders may also be called aqualungs, a genericized trademark derived from the Aqua-lung equipment made by the Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique company, although that is more properly applied to an open circuit scuba set or open circuit diving regulator. Diving cylinders may also be specified by their application, as in bailout cylinders, stage cylinders, deco cylinders, sidemount cylinders, pony cylinders, suit inflation cylinders, etc. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Diving cylinder」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|