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AISSat-1 is a satellite used to receive Automatic Identification System (AIS) signals. Launched on 12 June 2010 from Satish Dhawan Space Center as a secondary payload, AISSat-1 is in a sun-synchronous low-Earth orbit. Initially a development project, the satellite has since passed into ordinary operations. Via downlinks at Svalbard Satellite Station and at Vardø Vessel Traffic Service Centre it tracks vessels in the Norwegian Sea and Barents Sea for the Norwegian Coastal Administration, the Norwegian Coast Guard, the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries and other public agencies. The satellite was developed as a cooperation between the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (NDRE), the Norwegian Space Centre and the Coastal Administration. The payload was developed by Kongsberg Seatex while the University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies built the bus and completed manufacture. The satellite measures cube and weights . Ownership and operation passed to Statsat in 2013. The satellite has since 2014 been supplemented with AISSat-2 and from 2015 by AISSat-3. ==Background== The Automatic Identification System was developed as a navigational aid for shipping traffic, initially primarily as a collision avoidance system. The system became mandatory most commercial ships from 2008. AIS was designed as a terrestrial system with AIS transponders operating on the very high frequency (VHF) range. In addition to ship-to-ship tracking, AIS could be monitored by a series of coastal base stations. The idea for satellite monitoring arose later and was mostly intended for maritime surveillance and control, as well as safety monitoring. The Norwegian Defence Research Establishment took the first steps towards AIS satellite use in 2003 paper. A main concern was the low transmitting effect of AIS, typically one to twelve watts. Simultaneous transmission could also result in data packet collision and thus make all transmissions unreadable.〔 Research later concluded that satellite monitoring of heavily trafficked areas would be near impossible, but that satellite surveying of the sparsely used Arctic waters would be effective. The AIS infrastructure in Norway was built and is operated by the Norwegian Coastal Administration in cooperation with the Norwegian Armed Forces. It was this cooperation which led to the development of the satellite AIS system. Increased focus on the High North arose following the appointment of Stoltenberg's Second Cabinet in 2005. The AISSats are part of a larger policy to strengthen Norway's grip on the Arctic areas. Norway's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) covers sea areas around Svalbard and Jan Mayen, which in addition to the continental EEZ gives it an area of . Eighty percent of all Arctic shipping traffic passes through Norway's EEZ.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「AISSat-1」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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