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The Day of Ashura ((アラビア語:عاشوراء) ', colloquially: ; ; (ペルシア語:عاشورا) ; (アゼルバイジャン語:Aşura Günü) or (英語:Day of Remembrance)) is on the tenth day of Muharram in the Islamic calendar and marks the climax of the Remembrance of Muharram.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=SHIITE HISTORY BELIEFS AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SUNNIS AND SHIITES: MUSLIM SECTS AND SUNNIS )〕 Shiite commemorations of the Day of Ashura have traditionally included rituals which have been condemned by many Shia religious authorities recently under the claim that such practices are wrong or unislamic. This day is celebrated by Sunni Muslims (who refer to it as The Day of Atonement) as the day on which the Israelites were freed from the Pharaoh (called 'Firaun' in Arabic) of Egypt. However, Shi'a Muslims reject these stories and maintain that Ashura is a day of great sorrow due to the tragic events of Karbala. It is commemorated by Shi'a Muslims as a day of mourning for the martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of Muhammad at the Battle of Karbala on 10 Muharram in the year 61 AH ( in AHt: October 10, 680 CE). The massacre of Husayn with a small group of his companions and family members had great impact on the religious conscience of Muslims. Especially Shia Muslims have ever remembered it with sorrow and passion. Mourning for Husayn and his companions began almost immediately after the Battle of Karbala, by his survivor relatives and supporters. Popular elegies were made by poets to commemorate Battle of Karbala during Umayyads and Abbasids era. The earliest public mourning rituals happened in 963 CE during Buyid dynasty. Nowadays, in some countries such as Afghanistan,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Public Holidays in Afghanistan )〕 Iran,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Public Holidays in Iran )〕 Iraq,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Public Holidays in Iraq )〕 Lebanon,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Public Holidays in Lebanon )〕 Bahrain,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Public Holidays in Bahrain )〕 and Pakistan,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Public Holidays in Pakistan )〕 the Commemoration of Husayn ibn Ali has become a national holiday and most ethnic and religious communities participate in it.〔()〕〔()〕 In India, Ashura (10th day in the month of Muharram) is commemorated and is a public holiday due to the presence of a significant Indian Shia Muslim population (2-3% of total population, 20-25% of Indian Muslim population). ==Etymology== The root of the word ''Ashura'' has the meaning of ''tenth'' in Semitic languages; hence the name of the remembrance, literally translated, means "the tenth day". According to the orientalist A.J. Wensinck, the name is derived from the Hebrew ʿāsōr, with the Aramaic determinative ending.〔A.J. Wensinck, "Āshūrā", ''Encyclopaedia of Islam 2''. Retrieved 08/06/2011.〕 The day is indeed the tenth day of the month, although some Islamic scholars offer up different etymologies. In his book ''Ghuniyatut Talibin'', Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilani writes that Islamic scholars differ as to why this day is known as Ashura, some of them suggesting that this day is the tenth most important day with which God has blessed Muslims. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Day of Ashura」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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