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Abd al-Mu'min (1094–1163) also known as Abdelmoumen al-Goumi ((アラビア語:عبد المؤمن بن علي or عبد المومن الــكـومي), Berber: ⵄⴰⴱⴷ ⵍⵎⵓⵎⵏ ⵍⴳⵓⵎⵉ) was a prominent member of the Almohad movement. As a leader of the Almohad Movement (since 1130), he became the first Caliph of the Almohad Empire (reigned 1147–63). Having put his predecessor's doctrinal blend of Zahirite jurisprudence and Ash'arite dogmatics into practice, Abd al-Mu'min's rule was the first to unite the whole coast from Egypt to the Atlantic Ocean along with Spain under one creed and one government.〔Kojiro Nakamura, "Ibn Mada's Criticism of Arab Grammarians." ''Orient'', v. 10, pgs. 89-113. 1974〕 Between 1130 and his death in 1163, Abd al-Mu'min not only defeated the Almoravids, but extended his power over all northern Africa as far as Egypt, becoming Caliph of the Almohad Empire in 1147. == Early life == Abd al-Mu'min was born near Tagra, in the Tlemcen area, in present-day Algeria,〔http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/686/Abd-al-Mumin〕 then belonging to the Almoravid empire. Abd al-Mu'min belonged to the Goumia tribe, which in turn, was part of the larger Berber Zenata tribe. The Almohad biographers traced his descent as Abd al-Mu'min ben Ali ben Makhlouf ben Yali ben Merwan ben Nasr ben Ali ben Amer ben Al-Amir ben Musa ben Abdellah ben Yahya ben Ourigh ben Setfour (''ben'' means ''son of'').〔 Ibn Khaldun, however, argued that this was a fabricated lineage, since Abdelmoumen was a Berber from a well known tribe and the names reported were, for the most part, Arab.〔 〕 While young, Abdelmoumen went to Tlemcen to learn the Fiqh. His tutor died before he could complete his study. He then was made aware of a learned and pious Faqih called ''Feqih Soussi'' (later known as Ibn Tumart) who was travelling from the east on his way to his native land in Tinmel, Morocco. Abdelmoumen and his peers wanted to convince Ibn Tumart to settle in Tlemcen, so he was sent to Ibn Tumart with a letter from the students inviting him to come to their land. The two met at Mellala near Bejaïa. Ibn Tumart turned down the invitation, but Abdelmoumen stayed with him and they continued the journey together to Morocco.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abd al-Mu'min」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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