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Abdi-Heba (Abdi-Kheba, Abdi-Hepat, or Abdi-Hebat) was a local chieftain of Jerusalem during the Amarna period (mid-1330s BC). Abdi-Heba's name can be translated as "servant of Hebat", a Hurrian goddess. Whether Abdi-Heba was himself of Hurrian descent is unknown, as is the relationship between the general populace of pre-Israelite Jerusalem (called, several centuries later, Jebusites in the Bible) and the Hurrians. Egyptian documents have him deny he was a ''ḫazānu'' and assert he is a soldier (''we'w''), the implication being he was the son of a local chief sent to Egypt to receive military training there.〔Donald B. Redford , ''Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times,'' Princeton University Press, 1992 p.270.〕 Also unknown is whether he was part of a dynasty that governed Jerusalem or whether he was put on the throne by the Egyptians. Abdi-Heba himself notes that he holds his position not through his parental lineage but by the grace of Pharaoh, but this might be flattery rather than an accurate representation of the situation. At this time the area he administered from his garrison may have had a population of fifteen hundred people and Jerusalem would have been a 'small highlands stronghold' in the fourteenth century BC with no fortifications or large buildings.〔Finkelstein, Israel and Silberman, Neil Asher''The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Its Sacred Texts'', 2001, The Free Press, New York City, ISBN 0-684-86912-8 p. 239〕 ==Correspondence with Egypt== During Abdi-Heba's reign the region was under attack from marauding bands of Habiru.〔EA 179. Scholars refer to the Amarna letters by a number system prefixed with "EA" for "El Amarna".〕 Abdi-Heba made frequent pleas to the Pharaoh of Egypt (probably Amenhotep III), for an army〔EA 179-183.〕 or, at least, an officer to command.〔EA 182〕 Abdi-Heba also made other requests for military aid in fighting off his enemies, both Canaanite warlords and bands of Apiru: As a result, conspiracy charges are made against Abdi Heba, who defended himself strenuously in his correspondence with Pharaoh.〔EA 179.〕 In later years Abdi-Heba appears to have reconciled with the Apiru, or at least certain bands of them, and hired mercenaries from among their ranks. Indeed, though he earlier complained about the depredations of Labaya, Shuwardata, king of the Canaanite town of Keilah as well as other places in the Judean highlands, refers to him as a "new Labaya": Abdi-Heba's ultimate fate is unknown. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abdi-Heba」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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