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Abhinavagupta (c. 950 – 1020 AD〔Triadic Heart of Shiva, Paul E. Muller-Ortega, page 12〕〔Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 27〕) was a philosopher, mystic and aesthetician from Kashmir, modern day India. He was also considered an important musician, poet, dramatist, exegete, theologian, and logician〔Re-accessing Abhinavagupta, Navjivan Rastogi, page 4〕〔Key to the Vedas, Nathalia Mikhailova, page 169〕 – a polymathic personality who exercised strong influences on Indian culture.〔The Pratyabhijñā Philosophy, Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, page 12〕〔Companion to Tantra, S.C. Banerji, page 89〕 Abhinavagupta was strongly influenced by Buddhist logic.〔Andre Padoux. ''Vac: The Concept of the Word In Selected Hindu Tantras''. SUNY Press, 1990. page 180 "One knows that the thought of such authors as Abhinavagupta was strongly influenced by Buddhist logic."〕 He was born in the Valley of Kashmir〔Doctrine of Divine Recognition, K. C. Pandey, page V〕 in a family of scholars and mystics and studied all the schools of philosophy and art of his time under the guidance of as many as fifteen (or more) teachers and gurus.〔Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 35〕 In his long life he completed over 35 works, the largest and most famous of which is Tantrāloka, an encyclopaedic treatise on all the philosophical and practical aspects of Trika and Kaula (known today as Kashmir Shaivism). Another one of his very important contributions was in the field of philosophy of aesthetics with his famous Abhinavabhāratī commentary of Nāṭyaśāstra of Bharata Muni.〔Luce dei Tantra, Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta, Raniero Gnoli, page LXXVII〕 ==Life== "Abhinavagupta" was not his real name, rather a title he earned from his master, carrying a meaning of "competence and authoritativeness".〔Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 20〕〔The Krama Tantricism of Kashmir; Navjivan Rastogi, page 157〕 In his analysis, Jayaratha (1150–1200 AD)〔Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 92〕 – who was Abhinavagupta's most important commentator – also reveals three more meanings: "being ever vigilant", "being present everywhere" and "protected by praises".〔The Kula Ritual, As Elaborated in Chapter 29 of the Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta; John R. Dupuche, page 4〕 Raniero Gnoli, the only Sanskrit scholar who completed a translation of Tantrāloka in a European language, mentions that "Abhinava" also means "new",〔Luce dei Tantra, Tantrāloka, Abhinavagupta, Raniero Gnoli, 1999, page 3〕 as a reference to the ever-new creative force of his mystical experience. From Jayaratha, we learn that Abhinavagupta was in possession of all the six qualities required for the recipients of the tremendous level of śaktipāta, as described in the sacred texts (Śrīpūrvaśāstra):〔Abhinavagupta, Ganesh Tryambak Deshpande, page 19〕 an unflinching faith in God, realisation of mantras, control over objective principles (referring to the 36 tattvas), successful conclusion of all the activities undertaken, poetic creativity and spontaneous knowledge of all disciplines.〔Introduction to the Tantrāloka, Navjivan Rastogi, page 21〕 Abhinavagupta's creation is well equilibrated between the branches of the triad (Trika): will (''icchā''), knowledge (''jñāna''), action (''kriyā''); his works also include devotional songs, academical/philosophical works〔 and works describing ritual/yogic practices.〔Re-accessing Abhinavagupta, Navjivan Rastogi, page 8〕 As an author he is considered a systematiser of the philosophical thought. He reconstructed, rationalised and orchestrated the philosophical knowledge into a more coherent form,〔Re-accessing Abhinavagupta, Navjivan Rastogi, page 10〕 assessing all the available sources of his time, not unlike a modern scientific researcher of Indology. Various contemporary scholars have characterised Abhinavagupta as a "brilliant scholar and saint",〔Īśvara Pratyabhijñā Kārikā of Utpaladeva, Verses on the Recognition of the Lord; B. N. Pandit, page XXXIII〕 "the pinnacle of the development of Kasmir Śaivism"〔 and "in possession of yogic realization".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abhinavagupta」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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