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Aboulia or abulia (from the Greek βουλή, meaning "will",〔Bailly, A. (2000). Dictionnaire Grec Français, Éditions Hachette.〕 with the prefix a- used as a privative), in neurology, refers to a lack of will or initiative and can be seen as a disorder of diminished motivation (DDM). Aboulia falls in the middle of the spectrum of diminished motivation, with apathy being less extreme and akinetic mutism being more extreme than aboulia.〔, Marin, R. S., & Wilkosz, P. A. (2005). (Disorders of diminished motivation ). Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 20(4), 377-388.〕 A patient with aboulia is unable to act or make decisions independently. It may range in severity from subtle to overwhelming. It is also known as Blocq's disease (which also refers to abasia and astasia-abasia).〔, page 1.〕 Abulia was originally considered to be a disorder of the will.〔Berrios G.E. and Gili M. (1995) Will and its disorders. A conceptual history. ''History of Psychiatry'' 6: 87-104〕〔Berrios G.E. and Gili M. (1995) Abulia and impulsiveness revisited. ''Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica'' 92: 161-167〕 ==Symptoms and signs== Aboulia has been known to clinicians since 1838. However, in the time since its inception, the definition of Aboulia has been subjected to many different forms, some even contradictory with previous ones.〔Vijayaraghavan, L., Krishnamoorthy, E. S., Brown, R. G., & Trimble, M. R. (2002). Abulia: A Delphi survey of British neurologists and psychiatrists. (). Movement Disorders, 17(5), 1052-1057.〕 Aboulia has been described as a loss of drive, expression, loss of behavior and speech output, slowing and prolonged speech latency, and reduction of spontaneous thought content and initiative.〔, Jahanshahi, M., & Frith, C. D. (1998). Willed action and its impairments. (). Cognitive Neuropsychology, 15(6-8), 483-533..〕 The clinical features most commonly associated with Aboulia are:〔 *Difficulty in initiating and sustaining purposeful movements *Lack of spontaneous movement *Reduced spontaneous speech *Increased response-time to queries *Passivity *Reduced emotional responsiveness and spontaneity *Reduced social interactions *Reduced interest in usual pastimes Especially in patients with progressive dementia, it may affect feeding.〔Starkstein, S. E., & Leentjens, A. F. G. (2008). The nosological position of apathy in clinical practice. (). Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 79(10), 1088-1092.〕 Patients may continue to chew or hold food in their mouths for hours without swallowing it.〔 The behavior may be most evident after these patients have eaten part of their meals and no longer have strong appetites. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aboulia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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