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Abraham Lincoln served as a volunteer in the Illinois Militia from April 21, 1832 – July 10, 1832 during the Black Hawk War. Lincoln never saw combat during his tour but was elected captain of his first company. He was also present in the aftermath of two of the war's battles, where he helped to bury the militia dead. He was mustered in and out of service during the war, going from captain to private and finishing his service in an independent spy company commanded by Captain Jacob Early. Lincoln's service had a lasting impression on him and he related tales about it later in life with modesty and a bit of humor. Through his service he was able to forge lasting political connections. In addition, he received a land-grant from the U.S. government for his military service during the war. Though Lincoln had no military experience when he assumed command of his company, he is generally characterized as an able and competent leader. ==Background== (詳細はBlack Hawk led a number of incursions across the Mississippi River beginning in 1830. Each time, he was persuaded to return west without bloodshed. In April 1832, encouraged by promises of alliances with other tribes and the British, he again moved his "British Band"〔The group was referred to as the "British Band", because of their earlier support to the British during the War of 1812 and continued reliance on British trade, as well as flying a British flag in their camp in defiance of American authority. See Lewis, "Background."〕 into Illinois.〔Lewis, James. "(The Black Hawk War of 1832 )," Abraham Lincoln Digitization Project, ''Northern Illinois University''. Retrieved August 1, 2007.〕 On April 5, 1832, Black Hawk and around 1,000 warriors and civilians recrossed the Mississippi River into Illinois in an attempt to reclaim their land. About half of Black Hawk's band were combatants and the rest were a combination of women, children, and elderly. The band consisted of Sauk, Fox, some Potawatomi, and some Kickapoo; in addition some members of the Ho-Chunk nation were sympathetic to Black Hawk.〔Lewis, James. "(Introduction )," The Black Hawk War of 1832, Abraham Lincoln Digitization Project, ''Northern Illinois University''. Retrieved August 1, 2007.〕〔Harmet, p. 13.〕〔"(April 6: The U.S. suspects Black Hawk is crossing the Mississippi )," Historic Diaries: The Black Hawk War, ''Wisconsin State Historical Society''. Retrieved August 1, 2007.〕 Black Hawk's reason for crossing into Illinois was that he wanted to reclaim lost lands, and perhaps, create a confederacy of Native Americans to stand against white settlement.〔〔Lewis, James. "(Background )," The Black Hawk War of 1832, Abraham Lincoln Digitization Project, ''Northern Illinois University''. Retrieved August 1, 2007.〕 Promises of aid from other Illinois tribes were made to the British Band and Black Hawk believed that promises of assistance were made by the British in Canada.〔 Finding no allies, Black Hawk attempted to return to Iowa, but ensuing events led to the Battle of Stillman's Run.〔"(May 14: Black Hawk's Victory at the Battle of Stillman's Run )," Historic Diaries: The Black Hawk War, ''Wisconsin State Historical Society''. Retrieved August 6, 2007.〕 A number of other engagements followed, and the state militias of Wisconsin and Illinois were mobilized to hunt down Black Hawk's band. The conflict became known as the Black Hawk War. At the time of Black Hawk's incursion into Illinois, Lincoln was living in New Salem, where he had lived for two years. Prior to the Black Hawk War, in March 1832, Lincoln announced his candidacy for the Illinois House of Representatives but the election was several months away.〔McGovern, George S. et al. ''Abraham Lincoln'', ((Google Books )), Macmillan, 2008, p. 21, (ISBN 0-8050-8345-6).〕 One month later, he responded to the governor's call for volunteer militia.〔"(April 21: Abraham Lincoln in the Black Hawk War )", Historic Diaries: Black Hawk War, ''Wisconsin Historical Society'', accessed April 12, 2009.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abraham Lincoln in the Black Hawk War」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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