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Abstinence-only : ウィキペディア英語版 | Abstinence-only sex education
Abstinence-only sex education is a form of sex education that teaches not having sex outside of marriage. It often excludes other types of sexual and reproductive health education, such as birth control and safe sex. Comprehensive sex education, by contrast, covers the use of birth control and sexual abstinence. Evidence does not support the effectiveness of abstinence-only sex education. It has been found to be ineffective in decreasing HIV risk in the developed world. It does not decrease rates of sexual activity or unplanned pregnancy when compared to comprehensive sex education.〔 The topic of abstinence-only education is controversial in the United States, with proponents claiming that comprehensive sex education encourages premarital sexual activity, and critics arguing that abstinence-only education is religiously motivated and that the approach has been proven ineffective and even detrimental to its own aims. ==Description== Abstinence education teaches children and adolescents to abstain from sexual activity, and that this is the only certain method of avoiding pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and that abstinence until marriage is a standard by which to live. In the U.S., states may apply for federal funding of abstinence-only sex education programs. To be eligible for funding, programs must satisfy requirements given under the Social Security Act, which is reproduced here verbatim:〔(Social Security Act, Section 510 )〕
(2) For purposes of this section, the term "abstinence education" means an educational or motivational program which— :(A) has as its exclusive purpose, teaching the social, psychological, and health gains to be realized by abstaining from sexual activity; :(B) teaches abstinence from sexual activity outside marriage as the expected standard for all school age children; :(C) teaches that abstinence from sexual activity is the only certain way to avoid out-of-wedlock pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and other associated health problems; :(D) teaches that a mutually faithful monogamous relationship in context of marriage is the expected standard of human sexual activity; :(E) teaches that sexual activity outside of the context of marriage is likely to have harmful psychological and physical effects; :(F) teaches that bearing children out-of-wedlock is likely to have harmful consequences for the child, the child’s parents, and society; :(G) teaches young people how to reject sexual advances and how alcohol and drug use increases vulnerability to sexual advances; and :(H) teaches the importance of attaining self-sufficiency before engaging in sexual activity.
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