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''Acanthurus'' is the type genus of the family Acanthuridae. Approximately half of all members of the family are members of the genus ''Acanthurus''. They are found in tropical oceans, especially near coral reefs, with most species in the Indo-Pacific, but a few are found in the Atlantic Ocean. As other members of the family, they have a pair of spines, one on either side of the base of the tail, which are dangerously sharp (hence the name "surgeonfish"). Depending on species, they grow to a maximum length of . Many are very colourful and consequently popular in the marine aquarium trade. ==Species== There are currently 38 recognized species in this genus: * ''Acanthurus achilles'' G. Shaw, 1803 (Achilles tang) * ''Acanthurus albipectoralis'' G. R. Allen & Ayling, 1987 (Whitefin surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus auranticavus'' J. E. Randall, 1956 (Orange-socket surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus bahianus'' Castelnau, 1855 (Ocean surgeonfish)〔Bernal, M.A., & Rocha, L.A. (2011). "''Acanthurus tractus'' Poey, 1860, a valid western Atlantic species of surgeonfish (Teleostei, Acanthuridae), distinct from ''Acanthurus bahianus'' Castelnau, 1855." ''Zootaxa'' 2905: 63–68.〕 * ''Acanthurus bariene'' Lesson, 1831 (Black-spot surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus blochii'' Valenciennes, 1835 (Ringtail surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus chirurgus'' (Bloch, 1787) (Doctorfish tang) * ''Acanthurus chronixis'' J. E. Randall, 1960 (Chronixis surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus coeruleus'' Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801 (Blue tang surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus dussumieri'' Valenciennes, 1835 (Eyestripe surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus fowleri'' de Beaufort, 1951 (Fowler's surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus gahhm'' (Forsskål, 1775) (Black surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus grammoptilus'' J. Richardson, 1843 (Finelined surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus guttatus'' J. R. Forster, 1801 (Whitespotted surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus japonicus'' (P. J. Schmidt, 1931) (Japan surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus leucocheilus'' Herre, 1927 (Palelipped surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus leucopareius'' (O. P. Jenkins, 1903) (Whitebar surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus leucosternon'' E. T. Bennett, 1833 (Powderblue surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus lineatus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lined surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus maculiceps'' (C. G. E. Ahl, 1923) (White-freckled surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus mata'' (G. Cuvier, 1829) (Elongate surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus monroviae'' Steindachner, 1876 (Monrovia doctorfish) * ''Acanthurus nigricans'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (Whitecheek surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus nigricauda'' Duncker & Mohr (de), 1929 (Epaulette surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus nigrofuscus'' (Forsskål, 1775) (Brown surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus nigroris'' Valenciennes, 1835 (Bluelined surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus nubilus'' (Fowler & B. A. Bean, 1929) (Bluelined surgeon) * ''Acanthurus olivaceus'' Bloch & J. G. Schneider, 1801 (Orangespot surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus polyzona'' (Bleeker, 1868) (Black-barred surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus pyroferus'' Kittlitz, 1834 (Chocolate surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus randalli'' Briggs & D. K. Caldwell, 1957 (Gulf surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus reversus'' J. E. Randall & Earle, 1999 * ''Acanthurus sohal'' (Forsskål, 1775) (Sohal surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus tennentii'' Günther, 1861 (Doubleband surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus thompsoni'' (Fowler, 1923) (Thompson's surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus triostegus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (Convict surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus tristis'' J. E. Randall, 1993 (Indian Ocean mimic surgeonfish) * ''Acanthurus xanthopterus'' Valenciennes, 1835 (Yellowfin surgeonfish) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Acanthurus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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