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Accordions (from 19th-century German ''Akkordeon'', from ''Akkord'' - "musical chord, concord of sounds"〔(accordion ), entry in Online Etymology Dictionary〕) are a family of box-shaped musical instruments of the bellows-driven free-reed aerophone type, colloquially referred to as a squeezebox. A person who plays the accordion is called an ''accordionist''. The concertina and bandoneón are related; the harmonium and American reed organ are in the same family. The instrument is played by compressing or expanding the bellows while pressing buttons or keys, causing valves, called ''pallets'', to open, which allow air to flow across strips of brass or steel, called ''reeds'', that vibrate to produce sound inside the body.〔For the accordion's place among the families of musical instruments, see Henry Doktorski's (''Taxonomy of Musical Instruments'' (''The Classical Free-Reed, Inc.'') ) Also on this page is Diarmuid Pigott's ''The Free-Reed Family of Aerophones''〕 The performer normally plays the melody on buttons or keys on the right-hand manual, and the accompaniment, consisting of bass and pre-set chord buttons, on the left-hand manual. The accordion is widely spread across the world. In some countries (for example Brazil,〔()〕〔()〕 Colombia and Mexico) it is used in popular music (for example Forró, Sertanejo and B-Pop in Brazil), whereas in other regions (such as Europe, North America and other countries in South America) it tends to be more used for dance-pop and folk music and as well as in regional and is often used in folk music in Europe, North America and South America. Nevertheless, in Europe and North America, some popular music acts also make use of the instrument. Additionally, the accordion is also used in cajun, zydeco, jazz music and in both solo and orchestra performances of classical music. The piano accordion is the official city instrument of San Francisco, California. The oldest name for this group of instruments is ''harmonika'', from the Greek ''harmonikos'', meaning ''harmonic, musical''. Today, native versions of the name ''accordion'' are more common. These names refer to the type of accordion patented by Cyrill Demian, which concerned "automatically coupled chords on the bass side".〔Dyremose, Jeanette & Lars, ''Det levende bælgspil'' (2003), p.133〕 == Construction == Accordions have many configurations and types. What may be technically possible to do with one accordion could be impossible with another: * Some accordions are ''bisonoric'', producing different pitches depending on the direction of bellows movement * Others are ''unisonoric'' and produce the same pitch in both directions * Some use a chromatic buttonboard for the right-hand manual * Others use a diatonic buttonboard for the right-hand manual * Yet others use a piano-style musical keyboard for the right-hand manual * Some can play in different registers * Craftsmen and technicians may tune the same registers differently, "personalizing" the end result, such as an organ technician might voice a particular instrument 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Accordion」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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