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__NOTOC__ Accursius〔Later sources attribute to him – without a historical basis – the first name of "Franciscus", as well as surnames such as "Bonus" or "Azoninus".〕 (in Italian Accursio, Accorso or also Accorso di Bagnolo; c. 1182 – 1263) was a Roman jurist. He is notable for his organization of the glosses, the medieval comments on Justinian's codification of Roman law, the ''Corpus Juris Civilis''. He was not proficient in the classics, but he was called "the Idol of the Jurisconsults". Accursius was born at Impruneta, near Florence. A pupil of Azo, he first practised law in his native city, and was afterwards appointed professor at Bologna, where he had great success as a teacher. He undertook to arrange into one body the tens of thousands of comments and remarks upon the ''Code'', the ''Institutes'' and ''Digests''. Accursius assembled from the various earlier glosses for each of these texts a coherent and consistent body of glosses. This compilation, soon given the title ''Glossa ordinaria'' or ''magistralis'', and usually known as the ''Great Gloss'', was essentially complete at about 1230. While Accursius was employed in this work, legend has it that, hearing of a similar one proposed and begun by Odofred, another lawyer of Bologna, he feigned indisposition, interrupted his public lectures, and shut himself up, till with the utmost expedition he had accomplished his design.〔 After the middle of the 13th century, the Gloss had grown to be the starting point for every exegesis of the Corpus Iuris, and was even given force of law in some jurisdictions. The authority of the Gloss is probably due to Accursius' very exhaustive coverage of the civil law, in the course of which he not only pointed out its problems but unlike his predecessors also offered solutions for them.〔Weimar, op.cit.〕 Indeed, modern research has shown that Accursius' work contains nearly 100,000 glosses. The best edition is that of Denis Godefroi, published at Lyon in 1589, in six folio volumes.〔 For his ''magnum opus'', Accursius was extolled by the lawyers of his own and the immediately succeeding age as the greatest glossator, and he was even called the idol of jurisconsults, but those of later times formed a lower estimate of his merits.〔 Eventually, 16th century humanists, including Rabelais in his ''Gargantua and Pantagruel'', polemically criticised Accursius' Gloss. Apart from his work as a glossator, Accursius was also engaged very profitably as a legal consultant. Three of his four sons were also jurists: Cervottus, Guilelmus and the noted Franciscus. He died in Bologna.〔 ==Works== File:Libri feudorum (with the Glossa ordinaria of Accursius)--German- Das b-uch des kaiserlichen Lehenrecht. - Lower cover (IB6739).jpg |Glossa ordinaria of Accursius File:Digesta Justiniani Infortiatum 1997304.jpg|Corpus iuris civilis(Digesta Justiniani) with Glossa ordinaria by Accursius File:Libri feudorum (with the Glossa ordinaria of Accursius)--German- Das b-uch des kaiserlichen Lehenrecht. - Upper cover (IB6739).jpg |libre Fedorum by Accursius File:Digesta Justiniani Infortiatum 1997653.jpg|Digesta Justiniani Infortiatum by Accursius File:Digesta Justiniani Infortiatum 1997751.jpg|Digesta Justiniani. Infortiatum with Gloss ordinaria by Accursius File:Digesta Justiniani Infortiatum 1997577.jpg|Digesta Justiniani with 1495 Gloss by Accursius File:Digesta Justiniani Infortiatum 1997549.jpg|Digesta Justiniani with 1495 Gloss by Accursius File:Digesta Justiniani Infortiatum 1997748.jpg|Corpus iuris civilis(Digesta Justiniani) with 1495 Gloss by Accursius 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Accursius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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