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|Section2= |Section3= |Section4= |Section7= |Section8= }} Acetaldehyde (systematic name ethanal) is an organic chemical compound with the formula CH3CHO, sometimes abbreviated by chemists as MeCHO (Me = methyl). It is one of the most important aldehydes, occurring widely in nature and being produced on a large scale in industry. Acetaldehyde occurs naturally in coffee, bread, and ripe fruit, and is produced by plants. It is also produced by the partial oxidation of ethanol by the liver enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase and may be a contributing factor to hangovers from alcohol consumption. Pathways of exposure include air, water, land, or groundwater, as well as drink and smoke.〔(CHEMICALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT: ACETALDEHYDE (CAS NO. 75-07-0) )〕 Consumption of disulfiram inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of acetaldehyde, thereby causing it to build up in the body. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has listed acetaldehyde as a Group 1 carcinogen.〔List of IARC Group 1 carcinogens〕 ==History== Acetaldehyde was first observed by the Swedish pharmacist/chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1774);〔Scheele, C. W. (1774) "Om Brunsten eller Magnesia nigra och dess egenskaper" (On brown-stone or black magnesia (manganese ore ) and its properties), ''Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar'' (Proceedings of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences), 35 : 89–116 ; 177–194. On (pages 109–110 ), Scheele mentions that refluxing ("digesting") ethanol (Alkohol vini) with manganese dioxide (Brunsten) and either hydrochloric acid (Spirtus salis) or sulfuric acid (Spiritus Vitrioli) produces a smell like "Aether nitri" (ethanol treated with nitric acid). Later investigators realized that Scheele had produced acetaldehyde.〕 it was then investigated by the French chemists Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy and Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1800), and the German chemists Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner (1821, 1822, 1832)〔See: * (Döbereiner) (1821) ("Neue Aether" ) (A new ether), ''Journal für Chemie und Physik'', 32 : 269–270. Döbereiner names the new "ether" "Sauerstoffäther" (oxygen-ether). * (Döbereiner) (1822) ("Döbereiner's Apparat zur Darstellung des Sauerstoffaethers" ) (Döbereiner's apparatus for the preparation of oxygen-ether), ''Journal für Chemie und Physik'', 34 : 124–125. * Döbereiner, J. W. (1832) ("Bildung des Sauerstoff-Aethers durch atmosphärische Oxidation des Alkohols" ) (Formation of oxy-ether by atmospheric oxidation of alcohol), ''Journal für Chemie und Physik'', 64 : 466–468. In this paper, Döbereiner made acetaldehyde by exposing ethanol vapor to air in the presence of platinum black.〕 and Justus von Liebig (1835).〔Brock, William H. (1997) ''Justus von Liebig: The Chemical Gatekeeper''. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, (pp. 83–84 ).〕 In 1835, Liebig named it "aldehyde";〔Liebig, J. (1835) ("Sur les produits de l'oxidation de l'alcool" ) (On the products of the oxidation of alcohol), ''Annales de Chimie et de Physique'', 59 : 289–327. From p. 290: "Je le décrirai dans ce mémoire sous le nom ''d'aldehyde'' ; ce nom est formé de ''alcool dehydrogenatus''." (I will describe it in this memoir by the name of ''aldehyde'' ; this name is formed from ''alcohol dehydrogenatus''.)〕 the name was later altered to "acetaldehyde".〔The name change occurred at least as early as 1868. See, for example: Eugen F. von Gorup-Besanez, ed., ''Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie für den Unterricht auf Universitäten'' … (of Organic Chemistry for Instruction at Universities … ), 3rd ed. (Braunschweig, Germany: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn, 1868), vol. 2, (p. 88 ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Acetaldehyde」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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