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Acetylfentanyl
Acetylfentanyl (acetyl fentanyl) is an opioid analgesic drug that is an analog of fentanyl. Studies have estimated acetylfentanyl is between five to fifteen times more potent than heroin. Additionally it is reported as being 80 times more potent than morphine, and 15 times less potent than fentanyl.〔P. A. J. Janssen and C. A. M. van der Eycken in Drugs Affecting the Central Nervous System, Vol. 2, A. Burger, Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1968, pp. 51-54.〕 It has never been licensed for medical use and has only been sold illegally as a designer drug. Acetylfentanyl was discovered at the same time as fentanyl itself and had rarely been encountered on the illicit market in the late 1980s, but was never commonly used. However in 2013, Canadian police discovered a group distributing over 3 kilograms and 12,400 pills of Acetylfentanyl equal to 117,400 doses.〔http://www.montrealgazette.com/mobile/story.html?id=8376600〕 As a μ-opioid receptor agonist, acetylfentanyl may serve as a direct substitute for heroin or other μ-opioid receptor agonist substances in opioid dependent individuals. Side effects of fentanyl analogs are similar to those of fentanyl itself, which include itching, nausea and potentially serious respiratory depression, which can be life-threatening. Fentanyl analogs have killed hundreds of people throughout Europe and the former Soviet republics since the most recent resurgence in use began in Estonia in the early 2000s, and novel derivatives continue to appear.〔(CDC Issues Alert On Deadly New Designer Drug, Acetyl Fentanyl. David Kroll, Forbes Magazine, 29 August 2013 )〕
==Deaths==
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a health alert to report that between March 2013 and May 2013, 14 overdose deaths related to injected acetylfentanyl had occurred among intravenous drug users (ages between 19 and 57 years) in Rhode Island. After confirming five overdoses in one county, including a fatality, Pennsylvania asked coroners and medical examiners across the state to screen for acetylfentanyl. This request led to 50 confirmed fatalities and five non-fatal overdoses statewide in 2013.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Department of Drug and Alcohol Programs warns about acetyl fentanyl: drug caused at least 50 fatalities in 2013 in Pennsylvania. )〕 Another 5 deaths were reported in Jefferson Parish, New Orleans, along with three more in North Carolina.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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