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Acquinsicke is a historic home located near Pomfret, Charles County, Maryland, United States. It was built between 1783 and 1798, is a highly significant example of late 18th century, early Federal architecture. It is a rectangular, two story, five bay, clapboarded frame dwelling with one-story additions to each end. The house's landscape features include a series of two terraced falls. Acquinsicke was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.〔 ==History== Acquinsicke takes its name from a tract of escheat land patented by Anthony Neale in 1704.〔Patents,DD#5:240 (Annapolis).〕 Originally known as White's Ford and renamed Acquinsicke by Neale, the had formerly been granted to Jerome White in 1669. White had immigrated to Maryland from England as a free adult about 1661. A Catholic, apparently well educated, he held a number of important and influential positions, including that of deputy governor in 1669 and the colony's Surveyor General, 1661–1671. White received land grants totaling more than — most of which reverted to the Lords Baltimore 〔Edward C. Papenfuse, et al., A Biographical Dictionary of the Maryland Legislature, 1635–1789, 2 Vols. (Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985), 2:882.〕 when White died in England intestate and without heirs in 1677. The White's Ford grc: of was one of those that es cheated to the proprietor. When the tract was resurveyed for Anthony Neale the boundaries were found to embrace more than the stipulated in White's grant. To correct this discrepancy. Neale was requested to " ... leave out the surplus age where () should think convenient . .. " 〔Patents; DD#5:240.〕 The origin of the name Anthony Neale gave to the property is not precisely known. It is known to have derived from a word or descriptive term used by native Americans who continued to occupy this section of Charles County at the time that Neale patented the property. It may even have been the name of a small village that once existed on or near the land. Anthony Neale's patent was recorded in 1706 and it was probably not long afterward that he established ''Acquinsicke'' as his dwelling plantation. Previous to that time he is believed to have lived on part of his father's plantation, Wollaston Manor, in the southeastern section of the county.〔Harry Wright Newman, Maryland Smoots and Kindred Families (Baltimore Maryland Historical Society, 1956), pp. 290.〕 Neale's father, Capt. James Neale, was a highly educated and well-travelled member of colonial Maryland society. He first arrived in Maryland in 1635 but did not establish formal residence in the colony until 1642 . A planter and assemblyman. James Neale held a number of provincial offices, and between 1649 and 1659 served as ambassador for Charles II and the Duke of York in Spain and Portugal.〔Papenfuse, et al., 2:609.〕 The Neales were staunch Roman Catholics and continued to be openly so throughout the 1691–1776 period when Catholics in Maryland were denied their basic civil rights. Anthony Neale's parents and their descendants established and supported a private mission at Wollaston Manor,〔J. Richard Rivoire, "St. Mary's Church, Newport" (Charles County) National Register nomination form, 1991.〕 and Anthony Neale is said to have supported the work of the Church by providing his home at Acquinsicke Society of Jesus headquartered at as a mission chapel of the St. Thomas Manor (CH-6;NR).〔Margaret Brown Klapthor and Paul D. Brown, History of Charles County, Maryland (LaPlata, Maryland: Charles County Tercentenary, 1958), p.68; Jack D. Brown, et al., Charles County, Maryland, A History (LaPlata, Maryland: Charles County Bicentennial Committee, 1976), p.111.〕 Anthony Neale died in 1723. His will devised one-half of the Acquinsicke plantation to his son Edward stipulating that ''"...it be that moiety whereon my dwelling house stands that I now live in."'' Edward was also given ''"...my silver Chalice & suit() of Church Stuff to be kept and remained in my said Dwelling House and to go from heir to heir for the use of our family etc. so long as any of mine shall inhabit in the said place."'' Edward's share of Acquinsicke was to lie south of and include the dwelling; his brother, Charles, was bequeathed the part of the plantation lying north of the dwelling together with'' "...one thousand foot of one inch pine plank to be used towards ... building him a house ..."''〔Wills, AB#3:166(LaPlata).〕 By the standards of the period, Neale clearly enjoyed a privileged lifestyle, despite the fact that the inventory of his personality suggested that his house was probably of only two rooms with small sleeping chamber above. Although he did own a ''"house clock, a small library of books. assorted pieces of silver, a violin and 5 packs of playing cards"'', his house was as modestly furnished as it was small. Nevertheless, this was true of nearly all dwellings occupied by those of Neale's stature. The estate, which included 33 slaves, was estimated to be worth over 1.108 pounds sterling, placing Neale among the county's wealthier inhabitants.〔Inventories, 1717–1735:327 (LaPlata).〕 Neale also owned several other valuable properties, including a mill seat and two unimproved lots in Chandlers Town (Port Tobacco;NR) in the same county.〔Wills, AB#3:166〕 Edward Neale was probably living at the home plantation at the time of his father's death, and is known to have continued to reside there until the mid-1740s when he moved to Queen Anne's County on Maryland's Eastern Shore.〔Archives of Maryland, XLVI:140-142; Court Proceedings, 1812–1814:2 (LaPlata)〕 According to several local histories, Acquinsicke continued to be used as a place of worship for local Catholics throughout Neale's occupation of the land. In 1751 Edward Neale, who had no surviving sons, conveyed the of Acquinsicke he had inherited from his father, plus an additional contiguous tract of he patented under the name ''Acquinsicke Enlarged'' to his eldest daughter Eleanor and her husband Henry Rozer of Prince George's County.〔Deeds, Z#2:502 (LaPlata); Patents, PL#7:273 (Annapolis).〕 Eleanor and Henry Rozer were then living at Notley Hall, a large estate binding on the Potomac River near present-day Fort Washington which Henry had inherited from his father Notley Rozer.〔Effie Gwynn Bowie, Across the Years in Prince George's County (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, reprt., 1975), p.571.〕 Seven years later Charles Neale, Edward's brother, sold his half share of Acquinsicke to Col. Samuel Hanson 〔Deeds, G#3:177 (LaPlata)〕 necessitating a formally surveyed division of the two parts of the original tract they had inherited on their father's death in 1723. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Acquinsicke」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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