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|Section2= |Section7=〔http://www.nmsu.edu/safety/programs/chem_safety/NFPA-ratingA-C.htm〕 |Section8= }} Acrolein (systematic name: propenal) is the simplest unsaturated aldehyde. It is a colourless liquid with a piercing, disagreeable, acrid smell. The smell of burnt fat (as when cooking oil is heated to its smoke point) is caused by glycerol in the burning fat breaking down into acrolein. It is produced industrially from propylene and mainly used as a biocide and a building block to other chemical compounds, such as the amino acid methionine. ==Production== Acrolein is prepared industrially by oxidation of propene. The process uses air as the source of oxygen and requires metal oxides as heterogeneous catalysts:〔Dietrich Arntz, Achim Fischer, Mathias Höpp, Sylvia Jacobi, Jörg Sauer, Takashi Ohara, Takahisa Sato, Noboru Shimizu and Helmut Schwind "Acrolein and Methacrolein" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2012, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 〕 :CH2CHCH3 + O2 → CH2CHCHO + H2O About 500,000 tons of acrolein are produced in this way annually in North America, Europe, and Japan. Additionally, all acrylic acid is produced via the transient formation of acrolein. The main challenge is in fact the competing over oxidation to this acid. Propane represents a promising but challenging feedstock for the synthesis of acrolein (and acrylic acid). When glycerol (also called glycerin) is heated to 280 °C, it decomposes into acrolein: :(CH2OH)2CHOH → CH2=CHCHO + 2 H2O This route is attractive when glycerol is cogenerated in the production of biodiesel from fatty acids. The dehydration of glycerol has been demonstrated but has not proven competitive with the route from petrochemicals.〔Andreas Martin, Udo Armbruster, Hanan Atia "Recent developments in dehydration of glycerol toward acrolein over heteropolyacids" European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 2012, Volume 114, pages 10–23. 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Acrolein」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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