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Actinobacillus
''Actinobacillus'' is a genus of Gram-negative, immotile and nonspore-forming, oval to rod-shaped bacteria occurring as parasites or pathogens in mammals, birds, and reptiles. It is a member of the Pasteurellaceae family. The bacteria are facultatively aerobic or anaerobic, capable of fermenting carbohydrates (without production of gas), and of reducing nitrates. The genomic DNA contains between 40 and 47 mol % guanine plus cytosine.
''Actinobacillus'' (''Pasteurella'') ''ureae'' and ''A. hominis'' occur in the respiratory tracts of healthy humans and may be involved in the pathogenesis of sinusitis, bronchopneumonia, and meningitis. ''A. actinomycetemcomitans'' occurs in the human oral microflora, and together with anaerobic or capnophilic organisms (HACEK group organisms) may cause endocarditis. Actinobacilli are susceptible to most antibiotics of the beta-lactam family, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, and many other antibacterial chemotherapeutics.
An analysis of ''A. actinomycetemcomitans'' indicated it was monophyletic with ''Haemophilus aphrophilus'' and ''H. segnis'', and it was proposed that they be reclassified as a new genus, ''Aggregatibacter'' (from the Latin, "aggregare", meaning "to come together").
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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