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Actovegin
Actovegin is a highly filtered extract obtained from calf blood which enhances aerobic oxidation in mammals.〔 This improves absorption of glucose and oxygen uptake in tissue,〔 which may enhance physical performance and stamina.
Actovegin made headlines from 2009 to 2011 when Canadian sports doctor Anthony Galea was charged with illegally providing professional athletes with a number of performance-enhancing drugs, including Actovegin.〔(Doheny, Kathleen. "FAQ on Actovegin: An Expert Explains How the Drug May Enhance Athletic Performance." WebMD Health News. December 16, 2009. ) Accessed 2011-09-16.〕 As revealed by later testimony by riders, it was also regularly used by Lance Armstrong and the members of his U.S. Postal Service Pro Cycling Team on the 2000 Tour de France to enhance their performance.
==Mechanism of action==
According to Gulevsky, et al., Actovegin "is highly purified hemodialysate extracted from vealer blood by ultrafiltration."〔(Gulevsky, Alexander Kirillovich; Abakumova, Yelena Sergeevna; NikolaevnaMoiseyeva, Natalya; and Ivanov, Yevgeniy Gennadievich. "Influence of Cord Blood Fraction (below 5 kDa) on Reparative Processes During Subchronic Ulcerative Gastropathy." ''Ulcers.'' 2011, p. 1. ) Accessed 2011-09-16.〕
Actovegin has been shown to improve the transport of glucose over a plasma membrane and the uptake of oxygen by tissues.〔 This can lead to aerobic oxidation, which provides a cell with access to more energy and potentially enhances its function.〔 Actovegin has large amounts of superoxide dismutase enzymes and magnesium.〔Nordvik, B. "Actovegin. New Aspects of Clinical Application." In ''Collected Book of Research and Practice Articles.'' S. A. Rumyantseva, ed. St. Petersburg, Russia: MAPO, 2002, p. 280.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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