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-21 days}} |date = -21 days}} |date = -21 days}} |date = -21 days}} |scheduling=Christmas day of week-based }} Advent is a season observed in many Western Christian churches as a time of expectant waiting and preparation for the celebration of the Nativity of Jesus at Christmas. The term is a version of the Latin word meaning "coming". Latin ラテン語:''adventus'' is the translation of the Greek word ''parousia'', commonly used to refer to the Second Coming of Christ. For Christians, the season of Advent anticipates the coming of Christ from two different perspectives. The season offers the opportunity to share in the ancient longing for the coming of the Messiah, and to be alert for his Second Coming. Advent is the beginning of the Western liturgical year and commences on the fourth Sunday before Christmas, the Sunday nearest to St. Andrew's Day (), in the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church, and in the Anglican, Lutheran, Moravian, Presbyterian and Methodist calendars.〔("Celebrate a Catholic Advent & Christmas", Our Sunday Visitor )〕 In the Ambrosian Rite and the Mozarabic Rite of the Catholic Church, Advent begins on the sixth Sunday before Christmas, the Sunday after St. Martin's Day ().〔 Practices associated with Advent include keeping an Advent calendar, lighting an Advent wreath, praying an Advent daily devotional, as well as other ways of preparing for Christmas, such as setting up Christmas decorations. The equivalent of Advent in Eastern Christianity is called the Nativity Fast, but it differs in length and observances, and does not begin the liturgical church year as it does in the West. The Eastern Nativity Fast does not use the equivalent ''parousia'' in its preparatory services.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Four Reasons It's Not 'Advent.' )〕 == History == It is unknown when the period of preparation for Christmas that is now called Advent first began – it was certainly in existence from about 480 – and the novelty introduced by the Council of Tours of 567 was to order monks to fast every day in the month of December until Christmas;〔(Prosper Guéranger, ''The Liturgical Year: Advent'' (Dublin, James Duffy, 1870), pp. 23–25 )〕 Some have even said it goes back to the time of the Twelve Apostles or that it was founded by Saint Peter himself.〔(James Luke Meagher, ''The Festal Year (republished by Ripol Klassik ISBN 978-58-7709716-2), pp. 78–79 )〕 This has led to the conclusion that it is "impossible to claim with confidence a credible explanation of the origin of Advent".〔(J. Neil Alexander, "Advent" ) in Paul F. Bradshaw, ''New SCM Dictionary of Liturgy and Worship'' (Hymns Ancient and Modern Ltd 2013 ISBN 978-0-33404932-6), p. 2〕 Associated with Advent was a period of fasting, known also as the Nativity Fast or the Fast of December. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Advent」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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