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Aethia
''Aethia'' is a genus of four small (85-300g) auklets endemic to the North Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk and among some of North America's most abundant seabirds.〔Gaston, A.J. and Jones, I.L. 1998. The Auks: Alcidae. Oxford University Press, New York.〕 The relationships between the four true auklets remains unclear. Auklets are threatened by invasive species such as Arctic foxes (''Alopex lagopus'') and Norway rats (''Rattus norvegicus'') because of their high degree of coloniality and crevice-nesting.
== Taxonomy and evolution ==
The genus ''Aethia'' occurs only in the North Pacific and adjacent waters, mainly in the Bering Sea region. Along with Cassin's auklet (''Ptychoramphus aleuticus'') they comprise the monophyletic tribe Aethinii. Molecular work has not yet resolved the relationship between the ''Aethia'' auklets, but the group is a sister group to Cassin's auklet, which is, in turn, a sister group to the Fraterculine auks (puffins and rhinoceros auklet).〔Friesen, V.L., A.J. Baker & J.F. Piatt. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships within the Alcidae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred using total molecular evidence. Molecular Biology and Evolution 13: 359-367.〕
The genus ''Aethia'' did not enter into widespread use until the 1960s.〔Storer, R.W. 1960. Evolution of the diving birds. Proceedings of the International Ornithological Congress 12: 694-707.〕 Initially, the auklets were placed in ''Alca'',〔Linnaeus, C., 1758. Systema Naturae, 10th ed. Stockholm〕 but later reorganized into genera including: ''Simorhynchus'',〔Stejneger, L. 1885. Results of ornithological explorations in the Commander Islands and in Kamtschatka. Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 29.〕 ''Phaleris'' and ''Cyclorhynchus''.〔 ''Cyclorhynchus'' is still occasionally used for the parakeet auklet.
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