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The Philippine Independent Church ((スペイン語:Iglesia Filipina Independiente); (タガログ語:Malayang Simbahan ng Pilipinas); (ラテン語:Libera Ecclesia Philippina); colloquially known as the Aglipayan Church) is an independent〔The Philippine Independent Church does not subject its episcopal authority to the Bishop of Rome, or any Popes prior to First Vatican Council〕 Christian denomination in the form of a national church in the Philippines. Its schism from the Roman Catholic Church was proclaimed in 1902 by the members of the ''Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina'' due to the alleged mistreatment of Filipinos by Spanish priests and the execution of nationalist José Rizal under Spanish colonial rule. Isabelo de los Reyes was one of the initiators of the separation, and suggested that former Catholic priest Gregorio Aglipay〔Achutegui, Pedro S. de & Bernad, Miguel A. (1971) "The Religious Coup d'Etat 1898–1901: a documentary history", in ''Religious Revolution in the Philippines'', Volume III. Manila: University Press (cited in Larkin, John A. "Review 74-- No Title", ''The Journal of Asian Studies'', Nov 1972; 32,1. at Proquest (subscription)〕〔(History )〕 be the head of the church. It is also known as the "Aglipayan Church" after its first Supreme Bishop, Gregorio Aglipay, who also later became a Freemason in May 1918.〔Religion & Religions, Dominican House of Studies, Quezon City, Philippines, 2nd edition, 1982〕〔http://www.grandlodgephils.org.ph/2012/?page_id=324〕 Pope Leo XIII instructed the Archbishop of Manila, Bernardino Nozaleda y Villa, O.P., to excommunicate those who initiated the schism.〔"Pope Orders Sharp Action; Archbishop of Manila Instructed to Excommunicate Philippine National Church Promoters", ''New York Times'', New York, NY: Dec 29, 1902. p.7〕 Since 1960, the church has been in full communion with the Episcopal Church in the United States (and through it the entire Anglican Communion). Commonly held beliefs in the Aglipayan Church are the rejection of the exclusivity right to apostolic succession by the Petrine Papacy, the acceptance of priestly ordination of women, the free option of clerical celibacy, the tolerance to join Freemasonry groups, non-committal in belief regarding transubstantiation and Real Presence of the Eucharist, and the advocacy of contraception and same-sex civil rights among its members. Many saints canonised by Rome after the 1902 Schism are also not officially recognised by the Aglipayan church and its members. The current ''Obispo Máximo'' is the Most Rev Ephraim Fajutagana, whose central office is located at the National Cathedral of the Holy Child on Taft Avenue, Ermita, Manila. ==Name== The church's official name is "''Iglesia Filipina Independiente''", or in English the "Philippine Independent Church". The church or its members are referred to by the acronym ''IFI'' as well as by a variety of names in the various Philippine languages, such as Ilocano: ''Siwawaya nga Simbaan ti Filipinas''; (タガログ語:Malayang Simbahan ng Pilipinas); and Kinaray-a: ''Simbahan Hilway nga Pilipinhon''. The colloquial term ''Aglipayan Church'', and the terms "Philippine Independent Catholic Church" "Filipinista Church" as well as "Rizalino Church", are also often interchangeably used. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Philippine Independent Church」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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