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Ailuk Atoll
Ailuk Atoll (Marshallese: , 〔(Marshallese-English Dictionary - Place Name Index )〕) is a coral atoll of 57 islets in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district of the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands. It is located approximately north from Wotje. Its total land area is only , but it encloses a lagoon with an area of . The major islets are: Ajelep, Aliej, Ailuk, Alkilwe, Barorkan, Biken, Enejabrok, Enejelar, Kapen and Marib. Most of the islets are on the eastern side of the atoll. The western and southern sides of the atoll have a nearly continuous submerged coral reef, with three main passes that lead in to the lagoon: Erappu Channel, Marok Channel and Eneneman Channel on the west side.
Ailuk Atoll had a population of 513 in 1999.〔(Land Area and Population Density by Atolls and Islands (persons per square mile): 1973 to 1999 )〕
==History==
First recorded sighting of Ailuk Atoll by Europeans was by the Spanish expedition of Miguel López de Legazpi on 10 January 1565. It was charted as ''Los Placeres'' (The Pleasures in Spanish).〔Sharp, Andrew ''The discovery of the Pacific Islands'' Oxford, 1960, p.38.〕〔Brand, Donald D. ''The Pacific Basin: A History of its Geographical Explorations'' The American Geographical Society, New York, 1967, p.129.〕 Two of its islets were charted as ''San Pedro'' and ''San Pablo'', those being the names of the flagship ("capitana") and the "almiranta" (secondary ship or ship of the Admiral)〔Coello, Francisco "Conflicto hispano-alemán" ''Boletín de Sociedad Geográfica de Madrid'', t.XIX. 2º semestre 1885, Madrid, p.286〕
Ailuk Atoll was claimed by the Empire of Germany along with the rest of the Marshall Islands in 1884, and the Germans established a trading outpost. After World War I, the island came under the South Pacific Mandate of the Empire of Japan. Following the end of World War II, it came under the control of the United States as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands until the independence of the Marshall Islands in 1986.
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