|
Airgíalla (Modern Irish: Oirialla, Anglicisations: Oriel,〔Ulster Irish to English Dictionary〕 Uriel, Orgiall, Orgialla,)〔cf. ''Airgialla'', ''Uriel'', ''Orial'', ''Orgialla'', ''Orgiall'', ''Oryallia'', ''Ergallia'', srl.〕 was the name of an ancient Irish federation/kingdom. The origins of Airgialla stem from the battle of Achadh Leithdheirg fought around the year 331, when the forces of the Three Collas and the men of Connacht wrested vast territories of the Province of Ulster from the native tribe of the Ulaid. A large volume of distinguished sources exist which attribute a 4th-century emergence for this federation:〔http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlkik/ihm/colla.htm〕 Others believe it was first formed around the 7th century.〔http://www.mcmahonsofmonaghan.org/collas_alternate_explanation.html〕 However the list of Kings of Airgíalla notes the year 513 for the death of Colga mac loite mac Cruinn. This federation of tribes, depending on timeframe, occupied portions of the provinces of Leinster and Ulster equating with parts of the modern-day counties of Louth, Monaghan, Armagh, Fermanagh, Tyrone and Derry. In early manuscripts the Bishop of Clogher was styled ''Bishop of Oirialla.'' Clogher is a village and civil parish in County Tyrone. ==Legendary Origins== In the beginning of the 4th century, three warlike princes, called the Three Collas, sons of Eochy Doimhlein, son of Cairbre Lifeachar, legendary High King of Ireland, of the race of Érimón, made a conquest of a great part of Ulster, which they wrested from the old possessors, princes of the race of Ir, called the Clanna Rory, or Rudericians. The origins of Airgialla stem from the Battle of Achadh Leithdheirg fought ''c''331 in "Fearnmhagh" - ''old'' Farney, a disputed battle site between: Dartree, Monaghan,〔http://magoo.com/hugh/donaghmoyne.html〕 Farney, Monaghan and Aghaderg Parish, County Down. In this battle the forces of the Three Collas defeated the forces of Fergus Foga, king of Ulster, of the Ulaid who was slain; and the victors burned to the ground Emain Macha or Emania (near the present city of Armagh), the famous palace of the Ulaid kings, which had stood for six centuries, and had been long celebrated by the Irish bards. The sovereignty of Ulster thus passed from the race of Ir to the race of Heremon. A site claimed for this battle is - ''Achadh Dearg'' - ‘red field’〔http://www.placenamesni.org/resultdetails.php?entry=17280〕 the territory near carn "Achy-Leth-Derg", Loughbrickland, parish of Aghaderg, barony of Iveagh Upper, Upper Half, county Down, where there still remains a huge Cairn of loose stones. The other claimed battle site is located in the territory of Fearnmagh "''the Alder Plain''" or ''old'' Farney, Monaghan. The names of the three chiefs were Colla Uais, or Colla the noble, Colla Meann, or Colla the famous, and Colla da Chroich, or Colla of the two territories. Colla Uais became monarch of Ireland 327, and died in 332. The territory conquered by the three Collas comprised the present counties of Louth, Monaghan, and Armagh. The name of Airgialla was thought to derive from the circumstance of the Collas having stipulated with the king of Ireland, for themselves and their posterity, that if any chiefs of the clan Colla should be at any time demanded as hostages, and if shackled, their fetters should be of gold: thus, from the Irish, ''ór'', gold, and ''giall'', a hostage, came the name orgialla. The term Airgíalla was believed to be derived from the Irish ''orgialla'' meaning "hostage of gold", but recent research suggests that it is derived from '' *Airgíallne'', meaning "additional clientship." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Airgíalla」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|