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:''This article is about the 1918 battle. For other battles of the Aisne see Battles of the Aisne.'' |strength2=German 1st and 7th Armies (over 20 divisions and 4,000 artillery guns) |casualties1=127,000 |casualties2=130,000 }} The Third Battle of the Aisne ((フランス語:3e Bataille de L'Aisne)) was a battle of the German Spring Offensive during World War I that focused on capturing the Chemin des Dames Ridge before the American Expeditionary Forces could arrive completely in France. It was one of a series of offensives, known as the ''Kaiserschlacht'', launched by the Germans in the spring and summer of 1918. ==Background== The massive surprise attack (named ''Blücher-Yorck'' after two Prussian generals of the Napoleonic Wars) lasted from 27 May until 4 June 1918〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The German Spring Offensive March–July 1918 )〕 and was the first full-scale German offensive following the Lys Offensive in Flanders in April. The Germans had held the Chemin des Dames Ridge from the First Battle of the Aisne in September 1914 to 1917, when General Mangin captured it during the Second Battle of the Aisne (in the Nivelle Offensive). Operation Blücher-Yorck was planned primarily by Erich Ludendorff, who was certain that success at the Aisne would lead the German armies to within striking distance of Paris. Ludendorff, who saw the BEF as the main threat, believed that this, in turn, would cause the Allies to move forces from Flanders to help defend the French capital, allowing the Germans to continue their Flanders offensive with greater ease. Thus, the Aisne drive was to be essentially a large diversionary attack. The defense of the Aisne area was in the hands of General Denis Auguste Duchêne, commander of the French Sixth Army; in addition, four divisions of the British IX Corps, led by Lieutenant-General Sir Alexander Hamilton-Gordon, held the Chemin des Dames Ridge; they had been posted there to rest and refit after surviving the "Michael" battle.'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Third Battle of the Aisne」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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