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Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari
Abū al-Hasan Alī ibn Ismā'īl al-Ash'arī (874–936) ((アラビア語:ابو الحسن علي ابن إسماعيل اﻷشعري)) was a Shafi'i scholar and theologian who founded the school of tenets of faith that bears his name (Ash'ari).〔I.M.N. Al-Jubouri, History of Islamic Philosophy: With View of Greek Philosophy and Early History of Islam, p 182. ISBN 0755210115〕
==Biography==
Al-Ash'ari was born in Basra,〔John L. Esposito, The Islamic World: Abbasid-Historian, p 54. ISBN 0195165209〕 Iraq, and was a descendant of the famous companion of Muhammad, Abu Musa al-Ashari.〔 As a young man he studied under al-Jubba'i, a renowned teacher of Mu'tazilite theology and philosophy.〔Marshall Cavendish Reference, Illustrated Dictionary of the Muslim World, p 87. ISBN 0761479295〕 He remained a Mutazalite until his fortieth year when al-Ash'ari saw Muhammad in a dream 3 times in Ramadan. Muhammad told him to support what was related from himself, that is, the traditions (hadiths).〔William Montgomery Watt, Islamic Philosophy and Theology, p 84. ISBN 0202362728〕 After this experience, he left the Mu'tazalites and became one of its most distinguished opponents, using the philosophical methods he had learned.〔 Al-Ash'ari then spent the remaining years of his life engaged in developing his views and in composing polemics and arguments against his former Mutazalite colleagues. He is said to have written up to three hundred works, from which only four or five are known to be extant.〔I. M. Al-Jubouri, Islamic Thought: From Mohammed to September 11, 2001, p 177. ISBN 1453595856〕
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