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Ghiyāth al-Dīn Jamshīd Masʿūd al-Kāshī (or al-Kāshānī)〔A. P. Youschkevitch and B. A. Rosenfeld. "(al-Kāshī (al-Kāshānī), Ghiyāth al-Dīn Jamshīd Masʿūd )" ''Dictionary of Scientific Biography''.〕 ((ペルシア語:غیاث الدین جمشید کاشانی) ''Ghiyās-ud-dīn Jamshīd Kāshānī'') (c. 1380 Kashan, Iran – 22 June 1429 Samarkand, Transoxania) was a Persian astronomer and mathematician. The majority of al-Kāshī's equations and algorithms remained unfamiliar in Europe and were just later researched by science historians in the 19th century.〔(1429 Jamšid Kāšāni (b. 1380), Persian astronomer and mathematician, many of whose equations and algorithms remained unknown in Europe and were only later studied by historians in the 19th century, dies. ) ''iranicaonline.org''〕 ==Biography== Al-Kashi was one of the best mathematicians in the history of the Persian Empire. He was born in 1380, in Kashan, in central Iran. This region was controlled by Tamerlane, better known as Timur. The situation changed for the better when Timur died in 1405, and his son, Shah Rokh, ascended into power. Shah Rokh and his wife, Goharshad, a Persian princess, were very interested in the sciences, and they encouraged their court to study the various fields in great depth. Consequently, the period of their power became one of many scholarly accomplishments. This was the perfect environment for al-Kashi to begin his career as one of the world’s greatest mathematicians. Eight years after he came into power in 1409, their son, Ulugh Beg, founded an institute in Samarkand which soon became a prominent university. Students from all over the Middle East, and beyond, flocked to this academy in the capital city of Ulugh Beg’s empire. Consequently, Ulugh Beg harvested many great mathematicians and scientists of the Middle East. In 1414, al-Kashi took this opportunity to contribute vast amounts of knowledge to his people. His best work was done in the court of Ulugh Beg, and it is said that he was the king’s favourite student. Al-Kashi was still working on his book, called “Risala al-watar wa’l-jaib” meaning “The Treatise on the Chord and Sine”, when he died in 1429. Some scholars believe that Ulugh Beg may have ordered his murder, while others say he died a natural death. The details are unclear. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jamshīd al-Kāshī」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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