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Al-Mada'ini
Abū'l-Ḥasan ʿAli ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī Sayf (752–843), better known by his ''nisba'' of al-Madāʾinī ("from al-Mada'in"), was an early Arab scholar, active under the Abbasids in Iraq in the first half of the 9th century. A scholar of many interests, he wrote over 200 works, but is best known as a historian.
== Life ==
Little is known about al-Mada'ini's life. According to his own account, he was born in 752, and was a client (''mawla'') of Abd al-Rahman ibn Samura, one of the Companions of Muhammad. In 770 he was in Basra, and later went to al-Mada'in and Baghdad, where he spent most of his life. He may also have spent time in Kufa, since he recounts many Kufans among his sources. The origin of his ''nisba'', by which he is known, is unclear: it may derive from his stay in al-Mada'in, or have pre-dated it.
In Baghdad, al-Mada'ini was a pupil of the Mu'tazili scholar Mu'ammar ibn Abbad al-Sulami (died 830), and came under the patronage of the musician Ishaq ibn Ibrahim al-Mawsili (died 850), with whom he also formed a close and lasting friendship—it is said that he died in al-Mawsili's house. The sources differ on the date of his death, variously giving the years 830, 839, 840 and 843. However, as al-Mada'ini's work encompassed the reign of al-Mu'tasim (833–842), and as he is recorded as being over 90 years old at his death, 843 is the most probable date.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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