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Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Abdallah al-Mansur ((アラビア語:أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله المنصور); 744 or 745 – 785), better known by his regnal name al-Mahdi bi-'llah (, "He who is guided by God"), was the third Abbasid Caliph who reigned from 775 to his death in 785.〔Stanley Lane-Poole, The Coins of the Eastern Khaleefahs in the British Museum〕 He succeeded his father, al-Mansur. == Reign == Al-Mahdi, whose nickname means "Rightly-guided" or "Redeemer", was proclaimed caliph when his father was on his deathbed. His peaceful reign continued the policies of his predecessors. Rapprochement with the Alids in the Caliphate occurred under al-Mahdi's reign. The powerful Barmakid family, which had advised the Caliphs since the days of Abu al-‘Abbās as viziers, gained even greater powers under al-Mahdi's rule, and worked closely with the caliph to ensure the prosperity of the Abbasid state. Al-Mahdi reigned for ten years. He imprisoned his most trusted vizier Ya'qub ibn Dawud. In the year 167 AH/ 783 AD, al-Mahdi instituted an official inquisition which led to the execution of alleged Zindiq (heretics). He was fond of music and poetry and during his caliphate many musicians and poets received his patronage and he supported musical expression and poetry across his dominion; accordingly, his son Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi (779–839) and his daughter ‘Ulayya bint al-Mahdī (777-825) were both noted poets and musicians.〔Hilary Kilpatrick, ‘''Mawālī'' and Music’, in ''Patronate and Patronage in Early and Classical Islam'', ed. by Monique Bernards and John Nawas (Leiden: Brill, 2005) pp. 326-48.〕 In 777 AD (160 AH) he put down the insurrection of Yusuf ibn Ibrahim in Khurasan. In the same year al-Mahdi deposed Isa ibn Musa as his successor and appointed his own son Musa al-Hadi in his place and took allegiance (''bayah'') for him from the nobles. In 778 AD (161 AH), he subdued the rebellion of Abdullah ibn Marwan ibn Muhammad, who was leading the Umayyad remnant in Syria. Al-Mahdi was poisoned by one of his concubines in 785 AD (169 AH). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Al-Mahdi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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