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:''See Abu Jafar al-Muradi for the Egyptian grammarian.'' Alī Ibn Khalaf al-Murādī, (11th century) Al-Andalus, was a Mechanical engineer and author of the unique technological manuscript entitled ''Kitāb al-asrār fī natā'ij al-afkār'' (''The Book of Secrets in the Results of Thoughts'' or ''The Book of Secrets in the Results of Ideas'').〔Ahmed Djebbar, "Technology in the service of progress: The examples of hydraulic technologies," in ''(Civilization in the Mirror of Universal )'', UNESCO, 2010, p. 292-304.〕 It was copied and used at the court of Alfonso VI of León and Castile in Christian Spain in the 11th century. The manuscript provides information about a "Castle and Gazelle Clock" and many other forms of complicated clocks and ingenious devices. Al-Muradi was a contemporary of Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī. In 2008, the Book of Secrets of al-Muradi has been published in facsimile, translated in English/Italian/French/Arabic and in electronic edition with all machines interpreted in 3D, by the Italian study center Leonardo3. He also devised, with help from al-Zarqali, the universal astrolabe.〔David A. King, ''World-maps for finding the direction and distance to Mecca'', (Brill, 1999), 330.〕 Both al-Muradi and al-Zarqali's design were included in the ''Libros del Saber'' (1227) of Alfonso X of Castile.〔Koenraad Van Cleempoel. "The Migration of Instrumental Knowledge from Flanders to Spain," in: ''Silent Messengers: The Circulation of Material Objects of Knowledge in the Early Modern Low Countries,'' Sven Dupré and Christoph Herbert Lüthy (eds.), (Transaction Publishers, 2011), p. 76.〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Al-Muradi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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