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Anti-Albanian sentiment or Albanophobia is discrimination or prejudice towards Albanians as an ethnic group, described in countries with large Albanian population as immigrants, especially Greece and Italy though in Greece the sentiment existed mainly in the post-communist Albania era where criminals escaped to Greece. Today the term is obsolete. 〔By Russell King, Nicola Mai, ''(Out of Albania: from crisis migration to social inclusion in Italy )'', pp 114〕〔Georgios Karyotis, (''Irregular Migration in Greece'' ), pp. 9〕〔By Russell King, Nicola Mai, ''(Out of Albania: from crisis migration to social inclusion in Italy )'', pp 21〕 but also in countries with historical Albanian minorities such as the Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia. A similar term used with the same denotation is ''anti-albanianism''〔By Michael Mandelbaum, ''(The new European diasporas: national minorities and conflict in Eastern Europe )'', 234〕 used in many sources similarly with ''albanophobia'', although its similarities and/or differences are not defined. Its opposite is Albanophilia. ==Origins and forms== The term "Albanophobia" was coined by Anna Triandafyllidou on a report analysis called ''Racism and Cultural Diversity in the Mass Media'' published in 2002.〔 Although, the first recorded usage of the term comes from 1982 in ''The South Slav journal, Volume 8'' by Albanian author Arshi Pipa.〔(The South Slav journal, Volume 8 ) page 21, Arshi Pipa (1982).〕 The report by Triandafyllidou represented Albanian migrants in Greece〔By Anna Triandafyllidou, ''(Racism and Cultural Diversity In the Mass Media )'', Robert Schuman Centre, European University Institute, pp. 149〕 and was followed by other researchers like Karyotis in Greece and Mai in Italy. The hyphenated form "Albano-phobia" is used on some references (including Triandafyllidou), apparently with the same meaning. Albanian stereotypes that formed amid the creation of an independent Albanian state, and stereotypes that formed as a result of massive immigrations from Albania and Kosovo during the 1980s and '90s, although they may differ from each other, are still both considered Albanophobic and anti-Albanian by many authors such as Triandafyllidou, Banac, Karyotis. Albanophobia signifies a wider range of concepts that could be roughly grouped in two main categories: * Albanophobia as xenophobic - referring to stereotypes in countries with a considerable number of Albanian immigrants like Greece, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, France and United States. * Albanophobia as nationalistic - referring to stereotypes in countries with active disputes with Albanian ethnicity in the region, most commonly ex-Yugoslav countries (Macedonia, Serbia, Montenegro). The second is more likely to be associated with the term ''anti-albanianism''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Albanophobia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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