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Alcains is a Portuguese civil parish in the municipality of Castelo Branco. The population in 2011 was 5,022,〔(Instituto Nacional de Estatística )〕 in an area of 36.94 km².〔(Direção-Geral do Território )〕 ==History== Remote history, indicated by diverse archaeological testaments, indicate a human presence in the area extending back to the pre-historic. During the Neolithic period there were implements discovered in the sites such as the Grulha and Lameira de Curia (today housed in the Museum Tavares Proença Júnior). The Romanization of the area was also documented in the number of vestiges found in Cabeço da Pelada, such as a kiln and altar dedicated to the divinty Reve, from the 2nd Century B.C. Remnants from two altars were identified in 2008, during excavations in the Chapel of São Domingos, that also identify the Roman influence on the parish's history.〔António Assunção et al. (2009)〕 The toponymy ''Alcains'' is derived from the Arabic word for ''church'' and, according to some historians, may have had the same origin as Alcañiz, a city in the Spanish province of Teruel. In the 12th century the region belonged to the numerous villages and lands that comprised the ''Herdade de Açafa'', dominion of Afonso Henriques. Much later, Afonso III donated these lands to the Knights Templar. Throughout the Middle Ages, its development was somewhat irregular, due to the constant demographic recessions of the region. By the end of the 14th century, the creation of the municipalities led to the survey and delimitation of the parish of Alcains. Rich in historical and religious patrimony, the region was used by the nobility for summer homes and estates; the Viscounts of Oleiros (whom owned the ''Solares de Alcains'') and the Viscounts of Idanha-a-Nova (who owned the ''Solares dos Goulões'') were beneficial in developing the land in this region, and providing job opportunities. Several stories, legends and anecdotes surfaced during this period, identifying the daily humour and mythos of the community. By the early 16th century, Alcains began to recover economically, by taking advantage of its good geographic situation, through the creation of several workshops, and it later progressed due to the predominance of agricultural activities linked to creation major industries. Owing to its urban growth, it was elevated to the category of ''vila'' ((英語:town)) in 1971 by the decree No.495/71. Until 1980, it was the most important industrial cluster in the municipality. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alcains」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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