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Alcanivorax
''Alcanivorax borkumensis'' is an alkane-degrading marine bacterium which naturally propagates and becomes predominant in crude-oil-containing seawater when nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients are supplemented. They are currently thought to be the world's most important oil-degrading organisms.〔(), Kasai, Y et al. "Predominant Growth of Alcanivorax Strains in Oil-contaminated and Nutrient-supplemented Sea Water." Environmental Microbiology 4.3 (2002): 141-47.〕
==Description==
''A. borkumensis'' is a rod-shaped bacterium without flagella that obtains its energy primarily from consuming alkanes (a type of hydrocarbon). It is aerobic, meaning it uses oxygen to gain energy, and it is halophilic, meaning it tends to live in environments that contain salt, such as salty ocean water. It is also Gram-negative, which essentially means it has a relatively thin cell wall. It is also nonmotile; however, other organisms that appear to be in the same genus are motile through flagella.〔(), Fernandez-Martinez, Javier, et al. "Description of ''Alcanivorax venustensis'' sp. nov. and reclassification of ''Fundibacter jadensis'' DSM 12178T (Bruns and Berthe-Corti 1999) as ''Alcanivorax jadensis'' comb. nov., members of the emended genus ''Alcanivorax''." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53 (2003): 331-338.〕〔(), Yakimov, Michail M., et al. "Alcanivorax Borkumensis gen. nov., sp. nov., A New, Hydrocarbon-degrading And Surfactant-producing Marine Bacterium." International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 48 (1998): 339-348.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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