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Alepes
''Alepes'' is a genus containing five extant species of tropical marine fishes in the jack family, Carangidae. They are commonly known as scads, a term applied to many genera of carangid fishes. Their body form, however, differs from these other scads by being much more ovate in shape, more similar to the larger jacks taken as game fish, although scads are generally much smaller. They are found in coastal waters throughout the Indo-West Pacific region.
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
''Alepes'' is a genus containing five extant and one extinct species. It is part of the jack family, Carangidae, a group of perciform fish in the suborder Percoidei. Recent phylogenetic studies using molecular information have placed ''Alepes'' in the subfamily Caranginae (or the tribe Carangini).〔 〕 The most comprehensive study suggests the genus is basal to all other 'scads' and 'horse mackerels' of the genera ''Trachurus, Decapterus, and Selar'', whilst still being closely affiliated with larger members of Caranginae such as ''Caranx''.
''Alepes'' was first created in 1839 by the English naturalist William John Swainson, after he initially proposed it to be a subgenus of ''Trachinus'', which he had created to accommodate ''Trachinus melanoptera'', a species he had just described. ''Trachinus'' was invalid, however, as it was already in use for a genus of weevers. This makes ''A. melanoptera'' the type species of the genus. The other species currently placed in ''Alepes'' were not directly classified in the genus, but were transferred from other, often distantly related genera. Many of these species have numerous junior synonyms. "Alepes" comes from the Greek word ''alepis'', 'without scales'.
A single species has been identified from the fossil record; ''Alepes pin'' (Bannikov, 1985), described from the Lower Miocene in eastern Crimean Oblast. This area was once part of the Indian Ocean which extended well into Europe at the time.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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