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AlkB protein is a protein induced during an adaptive response and is involved in the direct reversal of alkylation damage.〔Errol C.Friedberg, Graham c. Walker, Wolfram Siede, Richard D. Wood, Roger A. schultz, Tom Ellenberger, ''DNA Repair and Mutagenesis'', 2nd Edition, ASM press, ISBN 1-55581-319-4〕 AlkB specifically removes alkylation damage to single stranded (SS) DNA caused by SN2 type of chemical agents. It efficiently removes methyl groups from 1-methyl adenines, 3-methyl cytosines in SS DNA.〔 AlkB belongs to the Fe (II)/2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase superfamily and oxidatively demethylates the DNA substrate.〔〔 Demethylation by AlkB is accompanied with release of CO2, succinate and formaldehyde.〔 ==Human homologs== There are nine human homologs of AlkB.〔 They are: * , , , , , , , , ABH3, like E. coli AlkB, is specific for SS DNA and RNA〔 whereas ABH2 has higher affinity for damages in double-stranded DNA. ALKBH8 has a RNA recognition motif, a methyltransferase domain, and an AlkB-like domain. The methyltransferase domain generates the wobble nucleoside 5-methoxycarbonylmethyluridine (mcm5U) from its precursor 5-carboxymethyluridine (cm5U). The AlkB-like domain generates (''S'')-5-methoxycarbonylhydroxymethyluridine (mchm5U)in Gly-tRNA-UCC. FTO, which is associated with obesity in humans, is the first identified RNA demethylase. It demethylates ''N''6-methyladenosine in mRNA. There is also another very different protein called AlkB or alkane hydroxylase. It is the catalytic subunit of a non-heme diiron protein, catalyzing the hydroxylation of alkanes, in aerobic bacteria that are able to utilize alkanes as a carbon source. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「AlkB」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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