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thumb AllTrials (sometimes called All Trials or AllTrials.net) is a project advocating that clinical research adopt the principles of open research. The project summarizes itself as "All trials registered, all results reported": that is, all clinical trials should be listed in a clinical trials registry, and their results should always be shared as open data. At the center of the organisation is a petition signed by over 85,000 individuals and 599 organisations (as of August 2015): Ben Goldacre, author of ''Bad Science'' and ''Bad Pharma'', is a founder of the campaign and its most public spokesperson. AllTrials is an international initiative of Bad Science, ''BMJ'', Centre for Evidence-based Medicine, Cochrane Collaboration, James Lind Initiative, ''PLOS'' and Sense About Science and is being led in the US by Sense About Science USA, Dartmouth’s Geisel School of Medicine and the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice. ==Issues addressed== The project is a reaction to under-reporting of research. A substantial proportion (estimates range from one-third to one-half) of medical research goes unpublished.〔http://blogs.nature.com/news/2013/10/ethical-failure-leaves-one-quarter-of-all-clinical-trials-unpublished.html〕 It has also been shown that negative findings are less likely to be published than positive ones, even in the absence of conflicts of interest. Much medical research is done by the pharmaceutical industry, which have a conflict of interest reporting results which may hurt sales of their products.〔http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMed010093〕 There is a measurable funding bias in reporting; studies have shown that published drug studies funded by pharmaceutical companies are much more likely to support the use of the tested drug than studies with other funding. Industry-funded trials are also less likely to be published〔http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/as-drug-industrys-influence-over-research-grows-so-does-the-potential-for-bias/2012/11/24/bb64d596-1264-11e2-be82-c3411b7680a9_story.html〕 If the statistical methods used to analyse the trial are not chosen before the study it started, there is a danger that researchers will intentionally or unintentionally pick the method that gives the results they expect, or which gives the most significant results. This makes the analysis statistically invalid. Pre-trial registration makes non-publication and changes in analysis methods obvious to medical reviewers. It also enables authors of meta-studies to track down and analyse missing data. There are other sources of bias, such as the conditions sometimes attached to funding by funding agencies with a financial interest in the trial's outcome. Medical researchers may be asked to agree to allow the funding agency to censor results. Some funding agencies may also refuse to give the medical researcher access to the raw data, giving them only the finished analysis, or even a draft paper, and asking them to put their name to it. This is not acceptable academic practice, and some academic journals require that authors sign a statement that they have not entered into such agreements.〔〔 Ben Goldacre, a physician and spokesperson for the campaign, would like to address the systematic flaws in clinical research which cause data to be lost after it is gathered. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「AllTrials」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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