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Allsherjargoði
Allsherjargoði ((:ˈalsˌhɛrjarˌkɔði), ''All-Warring Chieftain''; plural ''-goðar'') was an office in the Icelandic Commonwealth, held by the goði who held the ''goðorð'' of the descendants of Ingólfr Arnarson, the first settler of Iceland. The role of the ''allsherjargoði'' was to sanctify the Althing as it began every year.
Þorsteinn Ingólfsson, son of Ingólfr Arnarson, was a ''goði'' when the Althing was founded in 930 and became the first ''allsherjargoði''. His son, Þorkell máni Þorsteinsson, inherited the office ca. 945 while at the same time being lawspeaker. He was succeeded by his son Þormóðr Þorkelsson, who held office from 984 to 1020. His son, Hamall Þormóðsson held office until 1055. Hamall had three sons, Þormóðr, Torfi and Már but it is not known who of the three inherited the office and for the following century it is not known who held the office. In 1160, Guðmundr gríss Ámundason, presumably a descendant of Hamall, was in office as ''allsherjargoði''. He held the office until his death in 1197 when his son, Magnús góði Guðmundarson, took over. Magnús held office until 1234. He had no sons and it is unknown who inherited the office after this. One theory holds that Árni óreiða Magnússon, nephew of Guðmundr gríss and son-in-law of Snorri Sturluson, inherited the office and became the last ''allsherjargoði''. The Icelandic Commonwealth came to an end in 1262 when the ''goðar'' pledged fealty to the Norwegian king.
==List of allsherjargoðar ==
Years may be approximate.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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