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Alpha-1-microglobulin : ウィキペディア英語版 | Alpha-1-microglobulin Alpha-1-microglobulin (A1M, α1-microglobulin,〔B. Ekström, P.A. Peterson, I. Berggård "A urinary and plasma alpha-1-glycoprotein of low molecular weight: isolation and some properties." ''Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun'' 1975, vol.〕 sometimes also called Protein HC) is a microglobulin, a small globular protein. It is found in all vertebrates, including humans, and is distributed in blood plasma and extravascular tissues of all organs. It is synthesized in most cells of the body, but mainly in the liver〔(Alpha-1-microglobulin: Innate defence against pathological oxidation ) by Magnus G Olsson, 2009〕 from a gene that codes for the alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor. ==Structure== Human A1M is composed of a 183-amino-acid peptide carrying three carbohydrate chains. It belongs to a protein family, the lipocalins, all members of which are shaped as a basket built from eight beta-strands of the peptide chain. A cysteine residue on one of the loops at the open end of the basket is of central importance for the function.
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