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Alpha-enolase
Enolase 1 (ENO1), more commonly known as alpha-enolase, is a glycolytic enzyme expressed in most tissues, one of the isozymes of enolase. Each isoenzyme is a homodimer composed of 2 alpha, 2 gamma, or 2 beta subunits, and functions as a glycolytic enzyme. Alpha-enolase, in addition, functions as a structural lens protein (tau-crystallin) in the monomeric form. Alternative splicing of this gene results in a shorter isoform that has been shown to bind to the ''c-myc'' promoter and function as a tumor suppressor. Several pseudogenes have been identified, including one on the long arm of chromosome 1. Alpha-enolase has also been identified as an autoantigen in Hashimoto encephalopathy.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2023 )〕
== Structure ==
ENO1 is one of three enolase isoforms, the other two being ENO2 (ENO-γ) and ENO3 (ENO-β).〔 Each isoform is a protein subunit that can hetero- or homodimerize to form αα, αβ, αγ, ββ, and γγ dimers.〔 The ''ENO1'' gene spans 18 kb and lacks a TATA box while possessing multiple transcription start sites.〔 A hypoxia-responsive element can be found in the ''ENO1'' promoter and allows the enzyme to function in aerobic glycolysis and contribute to the Warburg effect in tumor cells.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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