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Alphaproteobacteria
Alphaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum ''Proteobacteria'' (See also bacterial taxonomy). Its members are highly diverse and possess few commonalities, but nevertheless share a common ancestor. Like most members of the ''Proteobacteria'', most of its members are Gram-negative and some of its intracellular parasitic members lack peptidoglycan and are consequently gram variable.〔
==Characteristics==
The ''Alphaproteobacteria'' is a diverse order and comprises several phototrophic genera, several genera metabolising C1-compounds (''e.g.'', ''Methylobacterium'' ''spp.''), symbionts of plants (e.g., ''Rhizobium'' ''spp.''), endosymbionts of arthropods (''Wolbachia'') and intracellular pathogens (''e.g. Rickettsia''). Moreover, the class includes (as an extinct member) the protomitochondrion, the bacterium that was engulfed by the eukaryotic ancestor and gave rise to the mitochondria, which are organelles in eukaryotic cells (See endosymbiotic theory). A species of technological interest is Rhizobium radiobacter (formerly ''Agrobacterium tumefaciens''): scientists often use this species to transfer foreign DNA into plant genomes.
Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria, such as ''Pelagibacter ubique'', are alphaproteobacteria that are a widely distributed marine plankton that may constitute over 10% of the open ocean microbial community.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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